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INTRODUCTION
In order to manufacture any product, it is necessary that materials either move one step of the manufacturing process to another or that operators to the materials. The most common practice of course, is to move the materials. This movement of materials from one processing area to another and from department to department necessitates the use of much manpower and the handling of tremendous tonnage of materials. It has been
estimated that : items are being worked on only 20% of the time
and 80% of the time the materials are either in storage or are moved.
INTRODUCTION
The handling of materials have always been an important factor in manufacturing. But only recently has attention been focussed on this problem with the view toward the improvement of equipment and methods and the reduction of manufacturing costs. There has been a growing realization of the magnitude of the problem and recognition of the high ratio of materials handling costs to other costs of manufacturing.
INTRODUCTION
The importance of the handling function is greater in those industries where the ratio of handling cost to the total processing cost is considerably more. Material handling presents one of the most potentially lucrative areas for improvement and reduction of costs. A properly designed and integrated material handling system
attention and
substantial resources
being directed
towards
So, we conclude that one accepted definition of scientific material handling can be given as Scientific material handling is the movement and storage of material at the lowest possible cost through the use of proper methods and equipment.
Field of Activities : Industrial Material Handling. Transportation Industries. Merchandising And Ware Housing. Process Industries.
industry still has the greatest interest in the problem of moving and
storing materials and there is still a large scope for development in this field.
for the movement and handling of these materials, restriction of gross operating
margin can be done.
The ware housing industry is almost entirely based upon the handling and
storage of materials . Many supplementary functions performed as part of the ware house service are based entirely upon efficient handling techniques. Even a small change in the handling costs is related to the existence of the ware house.
5.
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10. Eliminate accident potential and disruption of work. 11. Promote greater industrial safety. 12. Create a better working operating condition and environment through an
16. Provide an uninterrupted flow of material leading to increased operating efficiency and higher
production. 17. Reduced cost of transportation. 18. Increased capacity of distribution transport. 19. Improved design of shipping and storage units. 20. Reduced loading costs at the shipping prices. 21. Reduced time or labour of the receiving pieces. 22. Conserved skilled productive labour. 23. Improved morale of workers.