Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Overview
Requirement Analysis
Implementation
Conceptual Design (Implementation Independent) Logical + Physical Design (e.g. Product specific)
Data Storage
Classification of Tools
Repository Systems
Metadata Storage
Repository Systems
Technical Metadata
When was data last loaded from which system Data model for OLTP and OLAP databases
Functionality
Communication hub for different tools
Guides user exploration Guides development process Impact analysis
ETL Tools
Transformation
(Graphical) Specification of Transformation Rules (Expressive Power)
Loading
Ability to use database features (e.g. bulk loading)
Process Management
Scheduling, Monitoring, Error Handling
Databases for DW
Support for Materialized Views (Preaggregation) Special Analytical Capabilities (e.g. SQL Extensions)
Top N Ranking
Frontend Tools
Reporting
Why did it happen? Interactive OLAP Ad hoc-Queries What will happen?
Additional Benefit
DW: Tools and Projects
What happened?
Data Mining
Number of Users
2001 FORWISS,Carsten Sapia - sapia@forwiss.de
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11
Frontend Tool
+ + +
Multidim. Database
12
idea: use relational data storage star (snowflake) schema E.g. Microstrategy, SAP BW advantages of RDBMS
+ scalability, reliability, security etc.
ROLAPEngine
SQL
Meta Data
Sparsity handling
Query Performance Data Model Complexity
Relational DB
DW: Tools and Projects
no write access
2001 FORWISS,Carsten Sapia - sapia@forwiss.de
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proprietary data structure on the client data stored as file mostly RAM based architectures E.g. Business Objects, Cognos PowerPlay
+
+
DW: Tools and Projects
mobile user
ease of installation and use data volume no multiuser capabilites
2001 FORWISS,Carsten Sapia - sapia@forwiss.de
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DW Integration
MOLAP ROLAP ClientOLAP
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Combining Architectures I
Drill through
highly
Multidim. Database
dense
95%
Relational Database
DW: Tools and Projects
detailed
data (sparse)
5%
of the requirements
2001 FORWISS,Carsten Sapia - sapia@forwiss.de
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Combining Architectures II
Hybrid OLAP (HOLAP)
equal
Data
Storage
Cube
HOLAP System
Meta Data
Multidim. Storage
DW: Tools and Projects
Relational Storage
2001 FORWISS,Carsten Sapia - sapia@forwiss.de
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OLAP Standards
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Conceptual Design
Using the Data Warehouse
Requirement Analysis
Implementation
20
Which business process is being modeled? What is the subject of analysis (fact) and what is being measured? On what granularity level is active analysis being done? Which properties (dimensions) determine the measures?
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Facts
Derived Measures
Additivity of Measures
Profit
Quantity Items in stock additiv resp. to plants/ not additiv w.r.t. time profit margin
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Dimensions
Structuring Dimension
using different dimension levels (hierarchies) using descriptive attributes
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Simple Hierarchies
Month Quarter 1/2 Year Period Year
Januar 99 Februar 99
Mrz 99 April 99 Mai 99 Juni 99 Juli 99 August 99 Sept. 99 ............
DW: Tools and Projects
1. Quartal 99
Dimension Level
1. Halbjahr 99
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Unbalanced Hierarchies
Plant/Site Business Unit
Business Division
Enterprise
Plant1
Div A ... Great Outdoors Bu 1 ... Div B Bu 2 ...
DW: Tools and Projects 2001 FORWISS,Carsten Sapia - sapia@forwiss.de
Plant 1
Plant 0815
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Alternative Hierarchies
Customer Geogr. Region Country
Bavaria Customer 01 Customer 02 Customer 03 Customer 04 Customer 05 Customer 06 Partner Retailer Consumer Customer Group
DW: Tools and Projects 2001 FORWISS,Carsten Sapia - sapia@forwiss.de
Hessen Hamburg
Germany
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Alternative Pathes
Ort Geogr. Region Country
Munich 01 Munich 02
Bayern Hessen
Munich 03
Wrzburg 01 Wrzburg 02 Frankfurt 01
Hamburg
Germany Germany (South) Germany (West)
Germany (North)
Sales Region
DW: Tools and Projects 2001 FORWISS,Carsten Sapia - sapia@forwiss.de
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Month Region Day Country Sale Line Prod. Type Product Revenue Cost Order Qty Sales Rep Name Code
Branch
Customer
Margin Range
Customer Type
DW: Tools and Projects 2001 FORWISS,Carsten Sapia - sapia@forwiss.de
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Client
Server
Impromptu
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Logical+Physical Design
Using the Data Warehouse
Requirement Analysis
Implementation
32
Practical Demonstration
33
Hierarchical structures of dimensions can be complex ME/R notation can be used to document conceptual models Several ways to map an MD model to a relational DB
2001 FORWISS,Carsten Sapia - sapia@forwiss.de
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A
B A B
Result Measures m1 m2
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SELECT g1,...,gn, aggr(m1),..., aggr(mk) FROM FactName, Dim1,..., Dimn WHERE Dim1.level(r1) = r1 AND ... AND Dimn.level(rn) = rn AND Dim1.d1=FactName.d1 AND ... AND Dimn.dn=FactName.dn GROUP BY g1,...,gn
DW: Tools and Projects 2001 FORWISS,Carsten Sapia - sapia@forwiss.de