Angelito Ortiz Annaliza (Ortiz) Cainglet

Fritzie Zarah Englis Christine Toledo

*Seas are important source of livelihood to

the people. It is an important source of food such as fishes, snails, etc. *In Liloan, Cebu, most of the livelihood of the people is fishing since Liloan is also known to have rich marine biodiversity. *There is one marine sanctuary located in Poblacion, Liloan. There are also places in Liloan such as Calero which is the main source of marine life in Liloan.

* There are marine organisms that enable to track certain

changes in their environment. These organisms are called keystone species. A keystone species is a plant or animal species used to gather information on the environment or area. Keystone species are sensitive to changes in their environment. In the seas, echinoderms are considered as keystone species. are keystone species-- species whose very presence contribute to a diversity of life and whose extinction would consequently lead to the extinction of other forms of life. Many asteroids are keystone species(Barnes, 1987; Brusca and Brusca, 2003) . They are also dominant species and bio indicators.

* Echinoderms are usually complex parts of their ecosystems. They

* Echinoderms are found in Phylum Echinodermata * Echinodermata has approximately 7000 described

living species and about 13 000 extinct species known from the fossil record. They are also the largest phylum that has no freshwater or terrestrial representatives(Brusca and Brusca, 2003; Waggoner, 1999) * Six Classes of echinoderms: Concentricycloidea (sea daisies), Crinoidea (sea lilies, featherstars), Ophiuroidea (basket stars, brittle stars), Asteroidea (starfish), Echinoidea (sea urchins), Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers)

*Community structure refers to the

occurrence of groups of nodes in a network that are more densely connected internally than with the rest of the network. process of spatial distribution.

*It is depending on the pattern and

*Compare the abundance, diversity

and evenness of echinoderms between transect 1 and 2 for day1, day 2, and day 3. Liloan, Cebu (in the marine sanctuary site) is not suitable for fishing or getting marine resources.

*Find an explanation why Poblacion,

* Asteroidea (starfish) * feed on barnacles, clams, mussels

and sea urchins.

* Echinoidea (sea urchins) * feed on algae, bits of plants and

small animals

* Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers) * plankton and other organic

matter

* Brittle stars are mainly deposit feeders,

scavengers, and plankton feeders; however, they sometimes trap sizable animals.

* Ophiuroidea (brittle stars)

* Sea cucumbers, sea urchins, and sea stars, brittle stars * Sea cucumbers are echinoderms from the class Holothuroidea.

They are marine animals with a leathery skin and an elongated body containing a single, branched gonad. * Sea urchins are echinoderms from the class Echinoidea. They have fivefold symmetry and move by means of hundreds of tiny, transparent, adhesive tube feet. * Sea stars are echinoderms from the class Asteroidea. They are composed of a central disc that merges gradually with the tapering arms (rays). The body is somewhat flattened flexible, and covered with a ciliated, pigmented epidermis.

* Brittle stars from the class Ophiuroidea. They have flat, rounded

bodies with five slender, flexible arms that are easily broken off by any external force but are readily regenerated.

* pH meter * Transect line * Quadrat * GPS * Refractometer * thermometer

*As advised by the Bureau of Fisheries and

Aquatic Resources Coastal Resource Management section, the researchers chose Poblacion, Liloan, Cebu as the research site. for these are the days with the lowest tide level 0.01 m(intertidal area)

*Conducted on September 6,7, and 8, 2011

shoreline
T r a n s e c t 2 50 meters interval

Tran sect 1

GPS TRANSECT 1: N10 23 55.1 E 124 00 11.1 TRANSECT 2: N10 2353.2 E 124 00 11.7 (perpendicular to the shore) There are two transects (until 125 m) having an interval of 50 m with one another. There are 24 quadrats in each transect having 1ft. By 1ft. Each. (5 meter interval each)

*The laying of the transect line starts

from 10 a.m to 2 p.m. *Then, actual gathering of the physicochemical parameters (temperature, pH content, salinity) were gathered. *After, the population count was then conducted per quadrat.

ACTUAL DATA GATHERING

DAY 1 T.1 H -diversity 0.258 T.2 0.809

DAY 2 T.1 0.956 T.2 1.265

DAY 3 T.1 0.419 T.2 1.181

E- evenness 0.186

0.584

0.690

0.913

0.302

0.852

NORMAL

DAY 1 T1 T2 38

DAY 2 T1 32 T2 32

DAY 3 T1 34 T2 35

Temperature

25-35 Degrees celsius 32 to 35 ppt

30

Salinity

34

32

29

29

30

32

pH content

7.5 to 8.5 9.7

9.4

9.2

8.4

8.6

8.7

THANK YOU!!!