IS MANAGEMENT AN ART OR A SCIENCE?

CONTENTS

Definitions What is Management? Management as an Art and Reasons Management As a Science and reasons Comparison between Art And Science
Management skill PYRAMID

Conclusion Management Is Art as well as Science

MANAGEMENT
Definition:-

According to Peter Drucker, "Management is a multi-purpose organ that manages business and manages managers and manages workers and work." This definition of management was given by Peter Drucker in his book "The Principles of Management".

According to Frederick W. Taylor , The term Management is defined "as the art of knowing what you want to do and seeing that it is done in the best and cheapest way".

MANAGEMENT IS AN ART OR A SCIENCE?

WHAT IS ART?

Art is the product or process of deliberately arranging items (often with symbolic significance) in a way that influences and affects one or more of the , senses , emotions, and intellect.

The Oxford Dictionary defines art as any human creative skill or its application or any work showing this. The arts include the supposedly creative subjects like painting, music, languages, literature and history

MANAGEMENT AS AN ART

According to Prof. John F. Mee, Management is

the art of securing maximum results with a minimum of effort so as to secure maximum prosperity and happiness for both employer and employee and give the public best possible service.

According to Mary Parker Follet ,

Management is the art of getting things done

through people.

REASONS

The process of management involves the use of knowledge and skills

Like any other art, management is creative Like any other art, management is a personalized process As an art, management requires judgment and skills In fact, management is one" of the most creative arts because it requires molding and welding the attitudes and behavior of people at work for the accomplishment of specific goals in a changing environment

WHAT IS SCIENCE?

Science is an organized or systematized body of knowledge pertaining to a particular field of enquiry. Science is systematized in the sense that it establishes cause and effect relationship between different variables The Oxford Dictionary defines science as a branch of knowledge involving systematized observation and experiment. It includes any skill or technique that reflects a precise application of facts or a principle.

MANAGEMENT AS A SCIENCE

Management as a Science always had (and continues to have) a 'Cause & Effect' relationship that has been practiced (did I say preached?) for time immemorial (well, still being very well practiced and preached in many companies!) inorder to enable people to perform better (hopefully!) and understand the quantification (many-a-times distorted!) behind their performance Scientific method has played an vital role in building management knowledge and improving managerial skills

REASONS

Management is a science because it contains all the characteristics of science systematized body of knowledge in management principles of management have been developed through continuous observations and empirical verification management principles are capable of universal application

CONCLUSION- MANAGEMENT IS AN ART AND SCIENCE BOTH

According to American Society of Mechanical Engineers. "Management is

the art and science of preparing, organizing and directing human efforts to control the forces and utilize the material of nature for the benefit of men. "Thus, it has now been accepted that management is an art as well as science. It has the elements of both arts and science. In the words of Dean Stanley, "Management is a mixture of an art an science - the present ratio is about 80% art and 20% science. Management shares an almost a equal balance between art as well as science.

BY:ROHIT GHOSH POULAMI MITRA PROJJWAL BISWAS SAIKAT ROY