HOW TO WRITE THE METHODOLOGY

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This section explains the different methods and materials that you have used in doing the research.

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Here are some questions to consider in doing this part of the research:

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What sources of data will be used in the research? If there are surveys or questionnaires, how were these prepared? How did you select your respondents?

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FOR EXAMPLE: This research employs a descriptive method since the researchers aim to describe and to discuss the process of film adaptation from a novel which is a topic of modern concern in the field of film production. This method is defined as a process of gathering, analyzing, classifying and tabulating about prevailing conditions, trends, processesand then making adequate and accurate interpretation about such 4/23/12

FOR EXAMPLE: In order to gain first hand data on the subject, the researchers conducted a survey in Barangay Tatalon, which is a relatively impoverished urban community situated in Quezon City. This was done in order to gather

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Example:

Supposed the descriptive method of research was used in the study of the teaching of science in high school of Province A.

The descriptive method of research is a fact-finding study with adequate and accurate interpretation of the findings. It describes what is. It describes with emphasis what actually exists such as current conditions, practices, situations, or any 4/23/12

Method of Collecting Data and Development of the Research Instrument

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Explanation of the method of collecting data

Example: The method of collecting data used was the questionnaire. This is concerned with looking into the commonality of some elements. Since the present research is a status study, the normative survey was the most appropriate method to use in 4/23/12 gathering data.

Explanation of Development of the Instrument

Example:

After reading and studying samples of questionnaire from related studies, the researcher prepared his own questionnaire. He also consulted some knowledgeable people about how to prepare one. The researcher saw to it that there were enough items to collect data to cover all aspects of the problem and to answer all the 4/23/12

Statistical Treatment of Data

The last part of this chapter (methodology) usually describes the statistical treatment of data. The kind of statistical treatment depends upon the nature of the problem, especially the specific problems, and the nature of the data gathered. The explicit hypotheses particularly determine the kind of statistics to be used.
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Describing Methods

In the Methods section of a dissertation or research article, writers give an account of how they carried out their research. The Materials and Methods section should be clear and detailed enough for another experienced person to repeat the research and reproduce the results. Typical features with examples of this language are listed 4/23/12 below.

Describing different methods

To date various methods have been developed and introduced to measure X: In most recent studies, X is measured in four different ways. A variety of methods are used to assess X. Each has its advantages and drawbacks. Data were gathered from multiple sources at various time points during 4/23/12 the 20072008 academic year.

Giving reasons why a particular method was adopted

It was decided that the best method to adopt for this investigation was to ...... The design of the questionnaires was based on ... The X method is one of the more practical ways of ...
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whom 13 did not complete all of the interviews All studies described as using some sort of X procedure were included in the analysis. All of the participants were aged between 18 and 19 at the beginning of the study... Two groups of subjects were interviewed, namely X and Y The first group were ... . A random sample of patients with ...was recruited from ... Forty-seven students studying X were recruited for this study. The students were divided into two groups based on their performance on ...
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Describing the characteristics of the sample The initial sample consisted of 200 students of

Indicating reasons for sample characteristics

A small sample was chosen because of the expected difficulty of obtaining ... The subjects were selected on the basis of a degree of homogeneity of their ... Criteria for selecting the subjects were 4/23/12

Describing the process: other phrases expressing purpose

For the purpose of height measurement, subjects were asked to stand ... For the purpose of analysis, 2 segments were extracted from each ...
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Describing the process: sequence words/phrases

Prior to commencing the study, ethical clearance was sought from ... In the end, the EGO was selected as the measurement tool for the current study. After "training", the subjects were told that the characters stood for X and that their task was to ... After collection, the samples were shipped back to X in ...... After conformational analysis of X, it was necessary to ...... Once the Xs were located and marked, a thin clear plastic ruler ...... Once the positions had been decided upon, the Xs were removed from each Y and replaced by ..... 4/23/12 Once the exposures were completed, the X was removed

Describing the process: passive verb + using .... for recruited using email advertisements instruments 15 subjects were
requesting healthy students from ...... All the work on the computer was carried out using Quattro Pro for Windows and ......l. Data were collected using two high spectral resolution spectroradiometers. The data was recorded on a digital audio recorder and transcribed using a ....... Semi-automated genotyping was carried out using X software and .... Statistical significance was analyzed using analysis of variance and t-tests as appropriate. Comparisons between the two groups were made using unrelated t-tests.
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Transition words. Use these words to introduce steps

first, second, third, fourth, fifth, etc.,

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SOURCE:

http://www.phrasebank.manchester.ac.uk/ methods.htm Calderon, J.F., Gonzales, E.C. (1993). Methods of research and thesis writing. Mandaluyong: National Book Store.

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