Noun clause

Noun clauses perform the same functions in sentences that nouns do.
A noun clause can be a subject of a verb:
What Budi did shocked his friends.

A noun clause can be an object of a verb:

Budis mistake was that he refused to practice.

A noun clause can be a subject complement: A noun clause can be an object of a preposition: A noun clause (but not a noun) can be an adjective complement:
Everybody is sad that Budi injured.

Budis friends didnt know that he couldnt play.

Wati is not responsible for what Budi did.

Noun clause
We can combine two independent clauses by changing one to a noun clause.
To change a wh-question to a noun clause, use the wh-word:
I dont know + Where is Andi? = I dont know where Andi is.

Noun clause
We can combine two independent clauses by changing one to a noun clause.
To change a yes/no question to a noun clause, use if or whether:
Sandra wonders + Does Feri know how to cook? = Sandra wonders if Feri knows how to cook.

Noun clause
We can combine two independent clauses by changing one to a noun clause.
To change a question to a noun clause use question word + infinitive:
Please tell him what he should do. Please tell him what to do. Wati told us where we could meet Budi = Wati told use where to meet Budi.

Here, infinitive means should or can/could.

Noun clause
We can combine two independent clauses by changing one to a noun clause.
To change a statement to a noun clause use that:
I know + Budi made a mistake = I know that Budi made a mistake.

Reported speech
To report what another person has said, we usually do not use the speakers exact words (direct speech), but reported (indirect) speech. Reported Statements Reported Questions Reported Requests

Reported Statements
Sometimes someone says a sentence and later maybe we want to tell someone else what the first person said. We use a 'reporting verb' like 'say' or 'tell'.
If this verb is in the present tense, we don't need to change the tense, though we may need to change the 'person. But, if the reporting verb is in the past tense, then usually we change the tenses.
direct speech : I like ice cream. reported speech : She says she likes ice cream. reported speech : She said she liked ice cream.

Reported Questions
When we tell the question to someone else, it isn't a question any more. Change the grammar to a normal positive sentence. Similar to reported statement, the tense changes are the same, and we keep the question word.
direct speech reported speech direct speech reported speech : : : : Where do you live?" She asked me where I lived. Where is Yuli?" She asked me where Yuli was.

For yes/no question, use if.

direct speech : "Do you like chocolate? reported speech : She asked me if I liked chocolate.

Reported Requests and Orders

To report a request, use 'ask me + to + infinitive'.
direct speech : "Close the window, please" reported speech : She asked me to close the window.

To report a negative request, use not'.

direct speech : "Please don't be late" reported speech : She asked us not to be late.

To report an order, use tell.

direct speech reported speech direct speech reported speech : : : : Sit down! She told me to sit down. Dont smoke here! He told us not to smoke there.

 References:
http://faculty.deanza.edu/flemingjohn http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com other sources