ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH HOW ARE THEY LINKED?

CHHAVI

POORVA

CHHAVI ARORA

POORVA NANDEDKAR

NAVEEN JINDAL

VISHWAS R.GIRI

NAVEEN

VISHWAS

SHIKHA SHUKLA
ILA

ILA SHAKHAWAT
SHIKHA

Contents
Introduction
Comparison of earlier & changing environment Health hazards due to environmental changes Practical insight into the topic Prevention & Control measures

Conclusion

Environment
The environment is all external conditions, circumstances, influences and surrounding which form the interaction of all living species.

Environment

Macro environment
It is the external environment surrounding man

Micro environment
It is the domestic environment in which man lives

Components Of Environment
PHYSICAL: BIOLOGICAL:
air, light, noise, debris, radiation, etc. man, viruses, animals and plants etc.

PSYCHOSOCIAL:

cultural values, health services, social & political organisations etc.

Environmental Health

It encompasses the assessment and control of those environmental factors that can potentially affect health. It is targeted towards preventing disease and creating health-supportive environments.

Why environmental health

Approx. 60 % of the ecosystem services are being degraded or used unsustainably. The climate is warming with more extreme events such as flooding, hurricanes, and drought CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased by about 30 %since the beginning of the industrial revolution and is now near a critical tipping point

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Environment (Physical, biological and psychosocial)

Human activities

Health of individual

Earlier Environment

Changing Environment

An Astonishing Fact
Premature death and illness due to major environmental health risks account for nearly 20 percent of the total burden of disease in India

Source-http://environment.health.com

% Distribution Of Health Problems In India Due To Environmental Hazards

Source-http://environment.health.com

Health hazards due to contaminated air

Causes of air contamination Vehicles Industries Tobacco smoke Traditional fuel used for cooking(dung cakes, stoves) Health hazards
Asthma COPD Lung cancer Allergic reactions Nose, eye and throat Infections Ozone depletion leading to skin problems

Health hazards due to contaminated water

Causes for water contamination Industrial waste Sewage Plastic and waste Surface water contamination leading to ground water depletion Chemicals and fertilizers Health hazards
Water borne diseases Cholera ,diarrhoea, hepatitis A , amoebic dysentry, giardiasis , malaria Cancer formation Threat to marine life

Health hazards due to land pollution

Causes
Urbanization Agricultural waste Domestic waste Industries

hazards
Exterminates life Contributes to water pollution deforestation

Historical Events
King Edward I of England banned the burning of sea-

coal by proclamation in London in 1272, after its smoke had become a problem.
Chicago and Cincinnati were the first two American

cities to enact laws ensuring cleaner air in 1881

The first major modern environmental legislation, The

Clean Air Act of 1956.

Historical Events
In early 1970s, US Congress passed the :-

Noise Control Act, Clean Air Act, Clean Water Act and National Environmental Policy Act.

Physical Hazards
Include airborne particles humidity equipment design radiation Radon gas causes lung cancer

Chemical Hazards
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS )
Leads to lung cancer ,heart disease & cancer.

Lead
Comes from industrial and domestic products Health problems - anemia, birth defects, bone damage, neurological damage, kidney damage and others.

Site and Location Hazards

cyclones earthquakes floods hurricanes tornadoes and volcanic eruptions biological, psychological and sociological hazards may increase following a natural disaster.

Environment and health in Jaipur..

Environmental Features in Jaipur

Air Pollution Drinking Water Pollution and Unaccessibility Unsatisfaction with Garbage Disposal Dirty and Untidy Noise and Light Pollution Water Pollution Unsatisfaction to Spend Time in the City Unsatisfaction with Green and Parks in the City 75.00% 50.00%
100.00% 100.00% 50.00% 25.00%

50.00%
50.00%

Survey (4 patients in sdh,5 in govt.RDBP jaipuria

hospital,6 people walking on road side in civil lines area,5 people in slum)..
People satisfied by the

sorrounding environment around there homes People think that pollution is affecting them in one or the other way People satisfied by the cleaniness of the hospital they visit People satisfied by the cleaniness of the city

11

18

14

16

 How many people think

that sound creates a problem sometimes when they are out of their homes People strongly think that hygiene around the road is not at all satisfactory People think that air pollution and contaimination in water leads to their impairment in health

16

11

Case study

Raging fire at sitapura oil depository

Steps by government..
The Central Pollution Control

Board (CPCB) area of the fire

(EIA) of the

It also suggested regular monitoring of air, water and soil in Jaipur, Haryana and Delhi along with the State Pollution Control Boards.

. RSPCB monitored the ambient air quality at five

locations: Pratap Nagar police station, Delawas,

Mathurawala Gaon, Chowkidhani and Shivadaspura police station.

The data received from these locations showed that suspended particulate matter (SPM) was more than the permissible limit

In the absence of regular monitoring in the rural areas of Jaipur city, the incremental values could not be calculated

The Rajasthan government has constituted a five member committee under the principal secretary (environment) to assess environmental impact

Prevention Of Health Hazards Due To Changing Environment

Measures
Monitoring of air quality

Awareness program

research collaborations

Participate in international negotiations on relevant environmental issues

Technical Measure
improvement in vehicular technology improvement in quality of fuels

Non Technical Measure

better traffic management system implementation of market based instrument Generating mass awareness, drives for checking adulteration

Use Acacia holosericea as a fuel wood.

Use economic car

or electric car.
Use biomass. Use natural gas.

Environmental pollution
Pesticides and fertilizers free agriculture

Diversified cropping pattern

To educate people

Waste management concept :

Reduce

Reuse
Recycle

Industrial disaster control

A proper management The right to know Environment protection force

Managing the natural calamities

make safe building
alarming system insurances

Govt. Acts Water Pollution Act- 1974

Air Pollution Act -1987 Environment Protection Act -1986

Public Liability Insurance Act-1991

Contd.

National Environment Appellate Authority Act1997 National Environment Tribunal Act-1995

Animal Welfare Act-1960 Wildlife Act-1972

Major initiatives by Government

Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority National River Conservation Directorate
National Green Tribunal Capacity Building for Industrial Pollution Management

United Nation Conference on Environment and Development

Six priority programme areas urban low cost sanitation
urban waste water management urban solid waste management including hospital

waste management

Contd

rural environmental sanitation

industrial waste management and air pollution control strengthening of health surveillance and support

services

 If you want to learn about the health of a population, look at the air they breath, the water they drink, and the places where they live."