PREPARED BY:

NEXT
 There are two voices:-

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

RULES

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 Indefinite continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous
is ,am ,are is ,am ,are has ,have
Present + + being + been
Third form +Third form +Third form
EXAMPLE EXAMPLE EXAMPLE
was ,were was ,were had
Past + + being + been
Third form +Third form +Third form
EXAMPLE EXAMPLE EXAMPLE
will ,shall will ,shall
Future + be +have been
+Third form +Third form
EXAMPLE EXAMPLE

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• Use be + third form after can ,could ,shall,
should ,may ,might ,must ,ought to. EXAMPLE

• When the agent is not expressed in the Passive

Voice ,we must supply it in the Active Voice:
EXAMPLE

Note:- Only transitive verbs, that need to be

followed by an
object, can be changed into passive voice.
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 Prepositions following the verbs in
the Active Voice must follow them
again in the Passive Voice: EXAMPLE
 When a sentence is an imperative

one, then the word “Let” is used in

the Passive Voice : EXAMPLE
PERSONAL PRONOUNS ARE CHANGED AS

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 Passive of Infinitives

Use of Prepositions other than “by”

Use of “Who”, “What”, “Why”, “When”

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 PASSIVE VOICE
The verb is said to be in the
passive voice when the object
acts; as:-
ii. A song is sung by him.
iii. A song was written by her.
iv. A story is being told by us.
v. The fields are watered by the
farmer.
BACK
 ACTIVE VOICE
The verb is said to be in the
active voice when the subject
acts; as:-

iii. He sings a song.

iv. She wrote a letter.
v. We are telling a story.
vi. The farmer waters the fields. BACK
 When the agent is not expressed in
the Passive Voice, we must supply it in
the Active Voice :

Passive : You are wanted outside.

Active :Someone wants you outside.

Passive : Books were sold.

Active : Reeta sold the books

BACK
 IMPERATIVE SENTENCES
 Active : Post this letter.
 Passive : Let this letter be posted.

 Active : Read your books.

 Passive : Let your books be read.

 Active : Sit down.

 Passive :You are ordered to sit down.

BACK
 PREPOSITIONAL VERBS
 Active : He laughed at me.
 Passive : I was laughed at by him.

 Active : I objected to his proposal.

 Passive : His proposal was objected to by me.

 Active : We must take care of our health.

 Passive : Health must be taken care of.
BACK
BACK
 PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE
 Active : She sings a song.
 Passive : A song is sung by her.

 Active : Radha does not sing a song.

 Passive : A song is not sung by Radha.

 Active : Does he help you ?

 Passive : Are you helped by him ?
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 PAST INDEFINITE TENSE
 Active : She kept us waiting.
 Passive : We were kept waiting by her.

 Active : Ram did not play football.

 Passive : Football was not played by Ram.

 Active : Did he help you ?

 Passive : Were you helped by him ?

BACK
 FUTURE INDEFINITE TENSE
• Active : I shall buy this pen.
• Passive : This pen will be bought by
me.

• Active : I will not take the test .

• Passive : The test shall not be taken
by me.

• Active : Will he do his duty ?

BACK
• Passive : Will his duty be done by
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Active : He is driving a motor car.

Passive : A motor car is being driven by him.

Active : He is not speaking the truth.

Passive : The truth is not being spoken by

him.
Active : Is he singing a song ?
Passive : Is a song being sung by him ?BACK
 PAST CONTINOUSE TENSE
 Active : She was milking the cow.
 Passive : The cow was being milked by her.

 Active : He was not flying the kite.

 Passive : The kite was not being flown by him.

 Active : Was he teaching the class ?

 Passive : Was the class being taught by him ?

BACK
 AUXILIARY VERBS
• Should • May

Must • Might
•
Can • Ought
•
Could

•
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 SHOULD

 Active : We should not laugh at the

poor.

 Passive : The poor should not be

laughed at by us.

BACK
 MUST

 Active : You must teach him.

 Passive : He must be taught by him.

BACK
 OUGHT

 Active : We ought be obey our elders.

 Passive : Our elders ought to be obeyed

by us.

BACK
 CAN

 Active : You can do it.

 Passive : It can be done by you.

BACK
 COULD

• Active : I could teach him a

lesson.

• Passive : He could be taught a

lesson by
me. BACK
 MAY
 Active : May I see your pen ?

 Passive : May your pen be seen by

me ?

BACK
 MIGHT
 Active : He might follow this path .

 Passive : This path might be followed

by
him.

BACK
 PASSIVE OF INFINITIVES
 Active : I have to do this work.
 Passive : This work has to be done.

 Active : It is time to give the order.

 Passive : It is time for the order to be given.

 Active : I hope to overcome my difficulties.

 Passive : I hope my difficulties to be overcome.

BACK
Use of Prepositions other than “by”
 Active : I know him.
 Passive : He is known to me.

 Active : The jug contains milk.

 Passive : Milk is contained in the jug.

 Active : His jokes amused us.

 Passive : we were amused at his jokes.

BACK
 Use of “Who”, “What”, “Why”,
“When”
• Active : Who beat you ?
• Passive : By whom were you pen ?
• Active : What have you done ?
• Passive : What has been done by you ?
• Active : Why did you abuse him ?
• Passive : Why was he abused by you ?
• Active :When do you visit the temple ?
• Passive :When is the temple visited by
you? BACK
 PRESENT PERFECT
TENSE
• Active : I have done my duty.
• Passive : My duty has been done by
me.

• Active : She has not sold her cow.

• Passive : Her cow has not been sold by
her.

• Active : Have you stolen the book ?

• Passive : Has the book been stolenBACK
by
 PAST PERFECT TENSE
 Active : She had insulted her mother.
 Passive : Her mother had been insulted by her.

 Active : I had not done my duty.

 Passive : My duty had not been done by me.

 Active : Had you stolen the book ?

 Passive : Had the book been stolen by you ?

BACK
 FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
 Active : I shall have planted a tree.
 Passive : A tree will have been planted by me.

 Active : He will not have read this book.

 Passive: This book will not have been read by him.

 Active : Will he have written a letter ?

 Passive : Will a letter have been written by him ?
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• GRAMMAR BOOK (10+1)

• GRAMMAR BOOK (10+2)

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