Presented By: ABHINAV KUMAR B4801 ROLL-A05

CONTENTS
Brief history of welding
Introduction to welding, its importance Types of welding Careers in welding The American welding society (AWS) Types of joints Symbols used in welding Application of welding Safety
30-04-2012 ABHINAV 2

A Brief History of Welding

Late 19th Century
Scientists/engineers applied advances in electricity to heat and/or

join metals (Le Chatelier, Joule, etc.) Early 20th Century Prior to WWI welding was not trusted as a method to join two metals due to crack issues 1930s and 40s Industrial welding gained acceptance and were used extensively in the war effort to build tanks, aircraft, ships, etc. Modern Welding the nuclear/space age helps bring welding from an art to a science

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

Introduction to welding
Welding is a materials joining process which produces

coalescence of materials by heating them to suitable temperatures with or without the application of pressure or by the application of pressure alone, and with or without the use of filler material. Welding is used for making permanent joints.

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

Why is welding important?

Many things around us are welded Pipelines that bring fresh water Towers that carry electricity to houses Cars and buses that take people where they need to go

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

Classification of welding processes

(i). Arc welding Carbon arc Metal arc Metal inert gas Tungsten inert gas Plasma arc Submerged arc Electro-slag (ii). Gas Welding

(iv)Thermit Welding (v)Solid State Welding

Friction Ultrasonic Diffusion Explosive

(vi)Non-conventional Welding Electron-beam Laser

Oxy-acetylene Air-acetylene Oxy-hydrogen

(iii). Resistance Welding Butt Spot Seam

30-04-2012 ABHINAV 6

What is arc welding?

Arc welding is most commonly used to join two pieces of metal
An electric arc is created that melts the base metals and

filler metal (consumable) together so that they all fuse into one solid piece of metal.

Steel Pipe Tack Welded

30-04-2012 ABHINAV

Root Pass or Stringer Bead

Final weld after several beads are made

7

Fusion Welding Five Factors Which Determine The Quality Of The Weld
Heat Manipulation

Angle

Speed

Distance

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

Arc welding
Advantages
Most efficient way to join

Limitations
Manually applied, therefore high

metals Lowest-cost joining method Affords lighter weight through better utilization of materials Joins all commercial metals Provides design flexibility

labor cost. Need high energy causing danger Not convenient for disassembly. Defects are hard to detect at joints.

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

Inert Gas Welding

For materials such as Al or Ti which quickly form oxide

layers, a method to place an inert atmosphere around the weld puddle had to be developed

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

10

Metal Inert Gas (MIG)

Uses a consumable electrode (filler wire made of the base metal)
Inert gas is typically Argon

POWER SOURCE

SHIELDING GAS

ARC COLUMN

BASE METAL

PUDDLE

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

11

Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG)

Tungsten electrode acts as a cathode
A plasma is produced between the tungsten cathode and the base metal which heats the base metal to its melting point Filler metal can be added to the weld pool

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

12

Types of weld: Shape

Surface Groove

Fillet

Plug

Slot
30-04-2012 ABHINAV 13

Why to learn welding?

Welding is so HOT . its COOL!
Welding can help build a successful career. Skilled welders are in demand people use things that

are welded everyday! Welding can be fun and safe! It is challenging and high-tech.

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

14

Carrier in welding
Job opportunities in welding are changing
Welding can be valuable as a job skill or as a full-time job
Engineering Racing

Robotics
Auto Technician

Production Welding
Military Teaching Maintenance

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

15

The AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY

Who is the AWS?
American Welding Society It is a non-profit organization whose membership includes:

Individuals Students Companies

What do they do?

Their purpose is to:

Advance the science, technology, and application of welding and allied processes including: joining, brazing, soldering, cutting, and thermal spray Standardize classification of electrode and base material codes Standardize process procedures Provide welding certification

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

16

TYPES OF JOINTS
Butt

Corner

Lap T

Edge

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

17

Welding Positions
INCREASING DIFFICULTY

FLAT
OVERHEAD HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
30-04-2012 ABHINAV 18

WELDING SYMBOLS
BUTT JOINT

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

19

FILLET JOINT: WELD SYMBOL

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

20

CORNER JOINT: WELD SYMBOL

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

21

Application of welding
Automobile
Ships & marine Airplane Doors & furniture Boilers Manufacturing etc.

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

22

Safety:
Welding can be safe

when sufficient measures are taken to protect yourself and others from potential hazards.

30-04-2012

ABHINAV

23

Safety

Protect yourself and others from potential hazards including:

Fumes and Gases Electric Shock Arc Rays Fire and Explosion

Hazards Noise Hot objects

30-04-2012 ABHINAV 24

Queries??

??
30-04-2012 ABHINAV 25