Foundations Of Information Systems

What Is a System?
System: A set of components that work together to achieve a common goal Subsystem: One part of a system where the products of more than one system are combined to reach an ultimate goal Closed system: Stand-alone system that has no contact with other systems Open system: System that interfaces with other systems
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What is Information & Information System?

Information is data in processed and organized form. Information system is An organized combination of people, networks and data resources that collects, transforms and disseminates information.

Uses of Information Systems in business

Support business operations internet, intranet and extranet etc. Guide managerial decision making Provide strategic and competitive advantage to the organization

Types of Information Systems

Types of Management Support Systems

Transaction Processing systems Management Information Systems Decision Support Systems Executive Information Systems

Transaction Processing System

Transaction - set of operations that transforms data from one consistent state to another. TPS Cycle involves (collectively called MANIPULATION): a) Data Capturing b) Data Processing c) Database Updating d) Report Generation e) Inquiry Processing

Management Information System (MIS)

MIS is Organized approach To gather data from inside and outside the company Processing it by computer To produce accurate reports for decision makers.

MIS example University as example Inputs: students, faculty, textbooks Processing mechanisms: teaching, research, service Output: graduates Goal: acquisition of knowledge

Decision Support System (DSS)

A decision support system (DSS) is a computer program application that analyzes business data and presents it so that end users (managers) can make business decisions more easily. Example: Comparative sales figures between one week and the next.

Executive Information System (EIS)

EIS is specialized form of DSSs that are tailored to the strategic information needs of the top management. Example - a report of a company's financial and business situation. Advantages: It provides critical and selected information as per need. Structured to display summary data of the business environment. Allows examination of areas that warrant further attention.

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DSS V/s EIS

Similarities Both are made up of several distinct components. Both are designed to support and improve the decision-making process. Dissimilarities The presentation components are typically not as sophisticated in a DSS. DSS were developed to support decisions from the middle level up, while an EIS concentrates on supporting the very top level of management. Finally, a detailed analysis can then be performed using the DSS, by an analyst, not an executive.

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Queries

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Summary
An Information System is therefore an organised combination of people, h/w.s/w, networks and data resources that collects, transforms and disseminates information Business Information Systems are used to
Support business operations Guide managerial decision making Provide strategic and competitive advantage to the organisation

Types of information systems

Transaction Processing systems Management Information Systems Decision Support Systems Executive Information Systems

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