Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Unit 1
Chapter-3:Multimedia
Outline
Design Basics What is Authoring? Functions of MM software Authoring Tools MM Navigation Interactivity Animation using MM Authoring Systems, Tools and its types MM programming tools Authoring Vs Programming Summary
2
5/1/2012
Design Basics
Develop the program script of concept Outline your program Develop a flow chart Develop the program storyboard Prepare scripts for narration, text, and video Consider copyrights Plan the production of music, audio, and video Prepare the project time lines and budget
3
5/1/2012
Multimedia Authoring
Multimedia authoring involves collating, structuring and presenting information in the form of a digital multimedia, which can incorporate text, audio, and still and moving images. Output of Authoring process is generally a Multimedia S/W that can be executed on client machine with required libraries installed.
4
5/1/2012
Importing
1.
Creating
design, edit, paint, draw, develop charts, capture sound, program math operations
1.
Integrating
4. Delivery
5/1/2012
MM Authoring Tools
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Card/page based
Time based
5/1/2012
Icon based
Theatrical-frame based
Object based
Graphics (Image Editing) Graphics Adobe Illustrator, Corel DRAW, Freehand (Vector Illustrations) 3D Animation 3D studio Max, Maya, Softimage, Light Wave 3D
5/1/2012
Company
Macromedia (http://www.macromedia.com) Macromedia (http://www.macromedia.com) Macromedia (http://www.macromedia.com) Click2learn(http://www.click2learn.com)
5/1/2012
MM Authoring Tools
(Metaphors: capabilities & complexities)
---
5/1/2012
Ability to handle different kinds of media Bundled multimedia libriry Mapping features Programming feature and environment Segmentation functionality Compilation capability and runtime players Media embedding capabilities
10
5/1/2012
---
Programming Expertise Team Expertise Purpose of MMA Time Budget Finance Modalities Needed
11
5/1/2012
Business
Education
Games
5/1/2012
CyberArt
Authoring Basics
object matching
13
5/1/2012
MA Navigation
Linear
- Sequential navigation
Hierarchical
- Navigation through a branching structure
Nonlinear
- Without a prescribed path
Composite
-
Free/Determined navigation
14
Interactivity
Navigation structure-branching Internet Hypertext Hypertext Pull-down Menus Recording User responses Key-press responses Dragging Prompting
15
Types of Animation
step recording
real-time recording in-between in-between special
Cell-based Animation
space to time
cast to time
16
5/1/2012
3D Modelling Animation
carry out through both time and relative space; 3D object with shading and texturing;
17
5/1/2012
5/1/2012
18
5/1/2012
19
5/1/2012
Examples :
Macromedia Director, Hypercard, Adobe Authorware, Asymetrix Toolbook Utilized with CDROM and videodisc technologies Not originally designed to take advantage of the inherent and unique features of the Web Require a steep learning curve in order to take full advantage of their features CBI/CBT/CAI, simulations, games, microworlds, tutorials, individualized instruction, self-contained interactive modules
21
Attributes include:
5/1/2012
Examples include:
Microsoft FrontPage, Macromedia DreamWeaver, Claris Homepage, Adobe PageMill, Homesite Utilized with Internet and Web-based technologies Require a steep learning curve in order to take full advantage of their features WYSIWYG
Attributes include:
Personal and institutional Web pages, Web publishing, organization of Web-based resources, structured Web sites to support WBI, complex animations and interactions when used with high level scripting languages
22
5/1/2012
There are numerous development models that can be used for multimedia applications Authoring systems generally fall into one or more of the following categories:
Slide, card or frame based Icon based The score model Object-oriented models Scripting language based
5/1/2012
Some systems combine one or more of these to create more sophisticated tools
23
Each part of the application is self-contained in a single page Each page is created separately and then integrated into the final application A page may contain hyperlinks to other pages to provide navigation or pages may be sequentially viewed There may be global parameters that can be set to affect the entire application
5/1/2012
Icon-based authoring
Each part is represented an icon (symbolic picture) Each icon does a specific task, e.g. plays a sound Icons are then linked together to form complete applications Can easily visualise the structure and navigation of the final application
5/1/2012
This model has an analogy with a musical score Instead of musical instruments playing notes we have multimedia objects (sounds, images, video, text, etc.) that do something at specific points (times) in the score There is usually some way to animate the objects (e.g. rotation, scaling, colour changes, etc.) between each transition (i.e. when they start and when they finish) Each multimedia object lives in a track A score has one or more tracks
26
5/1/2012
Timelines are a useful way of representing multimedia data during the course of a presentation or application
Time is represented along the x-axis Tracks are represented along the y-axis
The developer can move objects left and right to change the order of the information and can lengthen or shorten the bars to change their duration
5 seconds
10 seconds
15 seconds
They tend to have less features and are therefore easier to learn
Scripting models allow the developer to write small scripts (programs) which can be associated with a multimedia object
e.g. you may write a script to make a graphic image move across the screen or to make a window pop up when an item is clicked
28
5/1/2012
Object-oriented models
In an object-oriented model, everything that can be put in an application is considered an object Every object has:
e.g. a graphic images state would describe its size, colour depth, authors name, etc. e.g. a video can be played, stopped or rewound
Icon and score-based models usually have objectoriented features also Objects are self contained and can be reused in later projects
29
5/1/2012
Programming tools differ from authoring tools in that they tend to be much lower level and require the developer to have more knowledge of the underlying hardware and programming language Programming tools give the developer access to much more functionality than authoring tools but require much more effort (and money!)
30
5/1/2012
HTML
Powerpoint
5/1/2012
31
Common issues
Compression Streaming Good Interactivity needs programming Ease of use for the user Audience acceptability
5/1/2012 32
5/1/2012
PowerPoint
Easy and popular Exports to HTML Import bitmaps Can play movies Can embed hyperlinks Poor on Interactivity Accepts wav files
5/1/2012 34
Microsoft PowerPoint
http://www.microsoft.com/office/powerpoint/
PowerPoint is:
Supports vector graphics, bitmapped images, sound, video and hyperlinks Supports many slide transitions and animations (see right) Developers can script objects to make them display at specific times or events
The events are represented by a limited number of presets and cannot be altered
35
5/1/2012
QuickTime
Container for time based-media Digital video or animations with sound Not just video Flash,Midi Mature
36
5/1/2012
Macromedia Director
Sound and audio editing Bitmap and vector graphics editing Asset management
The Cast are the media assets The Stage is the screen or individual page The Score is the sequence of events
Director has its own programming language called Lingo which can be used to add new functionality
5/1/2012
Macromedia Director
Mature CDROM, Web, Kiosk Bitmap graphics Complex Scripting- Lingo Shockwave for the web Cross-platform & Media
5/1/2012 38
- Main Window Cast - Media Score -Timeline of frames Lingo on events - programming Shockwave - web
5/1/2012 39
The objects on the Stage are called Sprites. Sprite 1 is put at the back of the Stage. Each subsequent sprite sits on top of the last.
40
5/1/2012
Director has its own Paint, Text and Vector Shape Windows for creating cast members.
There is a playback head which pass through each individual frame across the schedule.
41
5/1/2012
Lingo
Lingo
is the script language to enhance the interactivity. and events can be synchronised. is not easy to modify initial design.
42
Interactions
It
5/1/2012
Macromedia Flash
http://www.macromedia.com/software/flash/productinfo/
Flash is a tool for creating animated vector graphics and multimedia It uses a timeline and object-oriented model Has a very useful feature called tweening which can be used to create animations
You specify a start and end point and Flash calculates all the in-between frames of the animation
5/1/2012
Timeline
Tweening
5/1/2012
44
Flash
Vector graphics Designed for the web - tiny files Key frame animation Action scripts for events True Streaming Sound, .wav or mp3
5/1/2012
45
Flash - Terms
Stage Media Elements are Instances on the stage Library of symbols Timeline Actionscripts to trigger events
5/1/2012
46
Shockwave
Shockwave is a plug-in from Macromedia which allows web delivery of their multimedia presentations There are different versions of Shockwave for use with Director, Authorware, and FreeHand A Director movies which is to be viewed through a browser using the Shockwave plug-in has to be saved as a Shockwave movie The Director movie is compressed and made ready for the web
47
5/1/2012
Best to use templates or libraries found in tutorials or from the web Find something similar Small segments rather than one large movie Keep the file-size down
48
5/1/2012
What to choose?
PowerPoint - simplicity Flash best for interfaces,slideshowstreaming Director good for programs and simulations
5/1/2012
49
Overall vision Putting together a team The scope of the presentation Planning how parts will interact Writing the script Storyboarding Alpha and beta testing Mastering to CD
50
5/1/2012
Summary
5/1/2012
51