Digital

Camera

by:
Mr. Ro bin Cabug -os
Mr. C harle s Nicola s Martine z
 Digital Camera

A digital camera is an electronic device used to

capture and store photographs electronically in a
digital
format, instead of using photographic film like
conventional cameras, or recording images in an
analog format to magnetic tape like many video
cameras. Modern compact digital cameras are typically
multifunctional, with some devices capable of
recording sound and/or video as well as photographs.
A camera consists of some kind of enclosed
hollow, with an opening or aperture at one end for light
to enter, and a recording or viewing surface for
capturing the light at the other end.
 Objectives

• To know the purpose of this technology

• To know the advantages of digital camera
• To know the disadvantages of digital camera
I. Classification
1.1. Video cameras
1.2. Digital single lens reflex cameras
1.3. Digital range finders
1.4. Professional modular digital camera systems
VI. History
2.1. Early development
2.2. The arrival of true digital cameras
IX. Methods of image capture
X. Storage
4.1. Memory cards
 Video cameras
Video cameras are classified as devices whose main
purpose is to record moving images.

• Professional video cameras such as those used in television

and movie production. These typically have multiple image
sensors (one per color) to enhance resolution and color gamut.
Professional video cameras usually do not have a built-in VCR
or microphone.
• Camcorders used by amateurs. They generally include a
microphone to record sound, and feature a small liquid crystal
display to watch the video during taping and playback.
• Webcams are digital cameras attached to computers, used for
video conferencing or other purposes. Webcams can capture
full-motion video as well, and some models include
microphones or zoom ability.
Digital single lens reflex cameras

Digital single lens reflex

cameras (DSLRs) are digital
cameras based on film Single lens
reflex cameras (SLRs), both types
are characterized by the existence
of a mirror and reflex system.
 Digital range finders
A rangefinder camera is a camera
fitted with a rangefinder: a range-finding
focusing mechanism allowing the
photographer to judge the focusing
distance and take photographs that will be
in focus. Most varieties of rangefinder
show two images that when coincident
give the proper focus distance.
Professional modular digital camera
This category includes very high end
professional equipment that that can be assembled
from modular components (winders, grips, lenses,
etc.) to suit particular purposes. Common makes
include Hasselblad and Mamiya. They were
developed for medium or large format film sizes, as
these captured greater detail and could be enlarged
more than 35mm.
Typically these cameras are used in studios for
commercial production; being bulky and awkward to
carry they are rarely used in action or nature
photography. They can often be converted into
either film or digital use by changing out the back
part of the unit, hence the use of terms such as a
"digital back" or "film back."
History
Early development
The concept of digitizing images on scanners,
and the concept of digitizing video signals, predate
the concept of making still pictures by digitizing
signals from an array of discrete sensor elements.
Eugene F. Lally of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory
published the first description of how to produce
still photos in a digital domain using a mosaic
photosensor.
The purpose was to provide onboard navigation
information to astronauts during missions to
planets. The mosaic array periodically recorded still
photos of star and planet locations during transit
and when approaching a planet provided additional
stadiametric information for orbiting and landing
guidance. The concept included camera design
elements foreshadowing the first digital camera.
The arrival of true digital cameras
The first true digital camera that recorded
images as a computerized file was likely the Fuji DS-
1P of 1988, which recorded to a 16 MB internal
memory card that used a battery to keep the data in
memory. This camera was never marketed in the
United States.
The move to digital formats was helped by the
formation of the first JPEG and MPEG standards in
1988, which allowed image and video files to be
compressed for storage.
 Methods of image capture
The first method is often called single-shot, in
reference to the number of times the camera's
sensor is exposed to the light passing through the
camera lens.
The second method is referred to as multi-shot
because the sensor is exposed to the image in a
sequence of three or more openings of the lens
aperture
The third method is called scanning because the
sensor moves across the focal plane much like the
sensor of a desktop scanner. Their linear or tri-linear
sensors utilize only a single line of photosensors, or
three lines for the three colors.
 Storage
Digital cameras need memory to store data. A wide variety of
storage media has been used. These include:
Onboard flash memory
– Cheap cameras and cameras secondary to the device's main use
(such as a camera phone).
3.5" floppy disks
– Mainly the Sony Mavica line of the late 1990s.
Video Floppy
– A 2x2 inch (50 mm × 50 mm) floppy disk used for early analog
cameras.
PCMCIA hard drives
– Early professional cameras, discontinued.
CD single or DVD
– a 185 MB small form factor CD, most commonly seen in the Sony
CD-1000.
 Memory cards

Compact Flash cards/ Microdrives

– Typically higher end professional cameras. The microdrives
are actual hard drives in the CompactFlash form factor.

MiniSD Card
– A smaller (slightly less than half-size) card used in devices
such as camera phones.

MicroSD Card
– A smaller yet (less than a quarter size) version of the SD card.
Used in camera phones.

FP Memory
– A 2-4 MB serial flash memory, known from the Mustek/Relisys
Dimera low end cameras.
 Advantages of digital camera
• Easy to use
• Can be deleted and saved
• Clear images are formed
• Can be connected to the computer
• Result can be seen immediately

Disadvantages of digital camera

• Expensive device
• Batteries are so expensive
• A film camera does not require a computer to
download images
• Battery life is short if you use the LCD screen and if the
battery is in low price
Thank you for listening

Hope you enjoy

Have a nice day
And God bless us all