DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : Dr. G. R. Jyothi
Designation : Lecturer / CCP
Branch : DCCP
Institute : SGM Govt. Polytechnic,
Abdullapurmet
Year/Semester : II Yr / III Semester
Subject : Quantitative Techniques - I
Sub.Code : CCP303
Topic : Quartiles, Deciles, Percentiles
Duration : 50 Mts
Sub-Topic : Calculation of Quartiles,
Deciles, Percentiles
Teaching Aids : PPT & Animations

CCP303.52 1
Objectives :

On Completion of this period, you would be

able to understand:

 Calculation of Quartiles, Deciles and

Percentiles

CCP303.52 2
Recap
1. Quartiles

 All 3 Quartiles represented by Q1, Q2, Q3

 ‘Q1’ is called FIRST Quartile/Lower Quartile
 ‘Q2’ is called Second Quartile (equal to
Median)
 ‘Q3’ is called THIRD Quartile/Upper Quartile

CCP303.52 3
Recap
2. Deciles:

 Divide the total frequency into 10 equal parts

 Divided into 9 parts
 Nine Deciles can be computed
 Denoted by ‘D’ [ D1, D2,……D9 ]

CCP303.52 4
Recap
3. Percentiles:

 Divide the total frequency into 100 equal

parts
 Divided into 99 parts
 Ninety Nine Percentiles can be computed
 Denoted by ‘P’ [ P1, P2, P3…P51, …P99 ]

CCP303.52 5
Recap

Individual observations & Continuous Series

Discrete Series
Qk = Size of k(N+1) th item Qk = Size of kN th item
4 4
Dk = Size of k(N+1) th item Dk = Size of kN th item
10 10
Pk = Size of k(N+1) th item Pk = Size of kN th item
100 100

* ‘k’ is the position for which Quartiles / Deciles /

Percentiles are computed
CCP303.52 6
Example 1– Individual series:

Calculate from the following data of the marks

obtained by 10 students in an examination
(when even number of values are given)
27, 31, 19, 35, 23, 16, 40, 46, 17, 37
 Median
 Quartiles
 8th Decile
 45th Percentile

CCP303.52 7
Solution to Ex. 1

 Step No. 1
 Arrange the data in ascending order
Sl.No. Marks (Ascending Order)
1 16
2 17
3 19
4 23
5 27
6 31
7 35
8 37
9 40
10 46

CCP303.52 8
Solution Contd:

 Step 2
Apply the formulae
 Median:
= Size of ( N  1)th item
2

= Size of (10  1)th item = 5.5th item i.e., (5th  6th)

2 2

= ( 27 + 31 ) / 2 = 58 / 2 = 29
Median Marks = 29
CCP303.52 9
Solution Contd:

Quartiles:
Q1 = Size of ( N  1)th item
4

= Size of (10  1)th item = (10+1)/4 = 2.75th item

4

2.75th item = {(2nd item + .75

(size of 3rd item – size of 2nd item) }
= 17 + .75 (19 – 17) = 17 + 1.5 = 18.5 Marks

CCP303.52 10
Solution Contd

Quartiles:
Q3 = Size of 3( N  1)th item
4

= Size of 3(10  1)th item = 3(10+1)/4 =8.25th item

4

8.25th item = {( 8th item + .25

(size of 9th item – size of 8th item) }
= 37 + .25 (40 – 37) = 37 + .75 = 37.75 Marks
CCP303.52 11
Solution Contd:

8th Decile:
D8 = Size of 8( N  1)th item
10

= Size of 8(10  1)th item = 8(10+1)/10=8.8th item

10

8.8th item = {( 8th item + .8

(size of 9th item – size of 8th item) }
= 37 + .8 (40 – 37) = 37 + 2.4 = 39.4 Marks

CCP303.52 12
Solution Contd:

45th Percentile:
P45 = Size of 45( N  1)th item
100

= Size of 45(10  1)th item = 45(10+1)/100=4.95th item

100

4.95th item = {( 4th item + .95th

(size of 5th item – size of 4th item) }
= 23 + .95th (27 – 23) = 23 + 3.8 = 26.8 Marks
CCP303.52 13
Example 2 – Discrete Series:

 Locate from the following data

 Median, Upper Quartile, Lower Quartile
 6th Decile
 67th Percentile

Size of 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0
shoes
Frequency 10 18 22 25 40 15 10 8 7

CCP303.52 14
Solution to Ex. 2

Steps:
 Arrange the data in ascending order
 Find cumulative frequencies
 Apply the formulae

CCP303.52 15
Solution Contd:

Calculation of Median, Quartiles, Decile and Percentile

Size of shoes Frequency Cumulative frequency

4.0 10 10
4.5 18 28
5.0 22 50
5.5 25 75
6.0 40 115
6.5 15 130
7.0 10 140
7.5 8 148
8.0 7 155

CCP303.52 16
Solution Contd:

Median = Size of ( N  1)th item

2
= Size of (155  1)th item
2
= Size of 78th item = 6.0
Hence Median is 6.0

CCP303.52 17
Solution Contd:

Lower Quartile ‘Q1’ = Size of ( N  1)th item

4
= Size of (155  1)th item
4
= Size of 39th item = 5.0
Hence Lower Quartile ‘Q3’ is 5.0

Upper Quartile ‘Q3’ = Size of 3( N  1)th item

4
= Size of 3(155  1)th item
4
= Size of 117th item = 6.5
Hence Upper Quartile ‘Q3’ is 6.5
CCP303.52 18
Solution Contd

6th Decile ‘D6’ = Size of 6( N  1)th item

10
= Size of 6(155  1)th item
10
= Size of 93.6th item = 6.0
Hence 6th Decile ‘D6’ is 6.0

67th Percentile ‘P67’ = Size of 67( N  1)th item

100
= Size of 67(155  1)th item
100
= Size of 104.52th item = 6.0
Hence 67th Percentile ‘P67’ is 6.0
CCP303.52 19
Example 3 – Continuous Series :

Find the following from the given data

 Median
 1st Quartile
 3rd Quartile
 8th Decile
 80th Percentile

CCP303.52 20
Example 3 Contd:

Monthly Income No. of Persons

Below 50 35

50 – 60 24

60 – 70 21

70 – 80 18

80 – 90 6

90 and above 3

CCP303.52 21
Solution to Ex. 3 :

Steps:
 Find out cumulative frequencies
 Determine the particular class in which the
median lies by using ‘ N / 2 ‘ as the rank
 Apply the formulae

CCP303.52 22
Solution Contd:
Calculation of Median, Quartiles, Deciles and
Percentiles

No. of Persons
Monthly Income C.f.
(f)
Below 50 35 35
50 – 60 24 59
60 – 70 21 80
70 – 80 18 98
80 – 90 6 104
90 and above 3 107
N = 107

CCP303.52 23
Solution Contd:

( N / 2)  C. f
Median = L1  Xi
f

L1 = 50, (N/2) = 53.5, f = 24, Cf = 35, i = 10

Median lies in 50 – 60 Class.
Median = 50 + { (53.5 – 35) X 10} / 24
= 50 + { 18.5 X 10} / 24
= 50 + 7.7
= 57.7
CCP303.52 24
Solution Contd:

( N / 4)  C. f
Lower Quartile (Q1) = L1  Xi
f
L1 = 40, (N/4) = 26.75, f = 35, Cf = 0 ( as Q1 lies in the
first class itself, cumulative frequency of the preceding
group is taken as zero), i = 10
Lower Quartile (Q1) lies in first class (taken as) 40 –
50 Class.
Lower Quartile (Q1) = 40 + { (26.75 – 0) X 10} / 35
= 40 + { 26.75 X 10} / 35
= 40 + 7.64
= 47.64
CCP303.52 25
Solution Contd:

3( N / 4)  C. f
Upper Quartile (Q3) = L1  Xi
f
L1 = 70, 3(N/4) = 80.25, f = 18, Cf = 80, i = 10
Upper Quartile (Q3) lies in 70 – 80 Class.
Upper Quartile Q3 = 70 + { (80.25 – 80) X 10} / 18
= 70 + { 0.25 X 10} / 18
= 70 + 0.14
= 70.14

CCP303.52 26
Solution Contd:

8( N /10)  C. f
8th Decile (D8) = L1  Xi
f

L1 = 80, 8(N/10) = 85.60, f = 6, Cf = 104, i = 10

8th Decile (D8) lies in 80 – 90 Class.
Upper Quartile Q3 = 80 + { (85.60 – 80) X 10} / 6
= 80 + { 5.60 X 10} / 6
= 80 + 9.33
= 89.33
CCP303.52 27
Solution Contd:

80th Percentile (P80) = 80( N /100)  C. f

L1  Xi
f
L1 = 80, 80(N / 100) = 85.60, f = 6, Cf = 104, i = 10
80th Decile (P80) lies in 80 – 90 Class.
80th Percentile P80 = 80 + { (85.60 – 80) X 10} / 6
= 80 + { 5.60 X 10} / 6
= 80 + 9.33
= 89.33

CCP303.52 28
Summary:

Individual observations & Continuous Series

Discrete Series
Qk = Size of k(N+1) th item Qk = Size of kN th item
4 4
Dk = Size of k(N+1) th item Dk = Size of kN th item
10 10
Pk = Size of k(N+1) th item Pk = Size of kN th item
100 100

* ‘k’ is the position for which Quartiles / Deciles /

Percentiles are computed
CCP303.52 29
Frequently Asked Questions:

1. From the following data of marks of 11

students, compute the median , quartile 1,
quartile 3.
Marks: 46, 23, 19, 56, 65, 31, 75, 88, 27,
37, 35

CCP303.52 30
Assignment:

1. Calculate median and quartiles from the

following data:

S. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Marks 58 36 24 12 65 98 75 80 32 42

CCP303.52 31
2. The following table gives the weekly wages (Rs.)
from an organization

Weekly Wages Frequencies

30 – 32 2
32 – 34 9
34 – 36 25
36 – 38 30
38 – 40 49
40 – 42 62
42 – 44 39
44 – 46 20
46 – 48 11
48 – 50 3
CCP303.52 32