DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : M.Bhagya Lakshmi,
Designation : Lecturer in CCP,
Branch : DCCP
Institution : GMR Polytechnic, Gajwel
Semester : V Semester
Subject name : RDBMS
Subject Code : CCP- 505
Topic : SQL Plus
Duration : 50 min.
Sub –Topic : DATA CONSTRAINTS
Teaching Aids : PPT
CCP505.58 1
Objectives:
On the completion of this period, you
would be able to know
 CHECK integrity constraints
 Examples

CCP505.58 2
Recap
Foreign key Constraint
 Avoids duplicates
 Not accepts null values
 Uniquely identifies the record
Unique key
 Avoids duplications
Foreign key used for references

CCP505.58 3
Introduction
 Constraints are applied to table and records
 If the data being loaded fails any of the data
constraint,
 Data is not loaded in to the cell and rejects
the entered record
 What is Check constraint ?
 How it is useful ?

CCP505.58 4
CHECK integrity constraints
 Check constraint is used to enforce integrity
rules that can be evaluated based on a logical
expression.
 CHECK constraint is never used if the
constraints can be defined using the not null,
primary key or foreign key constraint.

CCP505.58 5
Examples of CHECK constraints
 A CHECK constraint on the clients_no column
of the client_master so that no client_no value
starts with ‘C’
 A CHECK constraint on name column of the
client_master so that the name is entered in
upper case.
 A CHECK constraint on the city column of the
client_master so that only the cities
“BOMBAY”,”NEWDELHI”,”MADRAS” and
“CALCUTTA” are allowed.
CCP505.58 6
Example
CREATE TABLE client_master(client_no
varchar2(6),CONSTRAINT ck_cliento
CHECK(client_no like ‘C%’),name varchar2(15)
CONSTRAINT ck_name CHECK
(name=upper(name)),address1
varchar2(20),address2 varchar2(20),city
varchar2(15) CONSTRAINT ck_city CHECK(city
IN (‘NEW
DELHI’,BOMBAY’,’CALCUTTA’,’MADRAS’)), pin
number(6),bal_due number(10,2));

CCP505.58 7
Using Check Constraint

 A check constraint is violated only if the

condition evaluates to False.
 True and unknown values do not violate a
check column
 Make sure check constraint to defined
enforces the rule you need to enforce.

CCP505.58 8
Usage of Constraint
 Any INSERT ,UPDATE or DELETE statement
evaluates a relevant constraint ;
 The constraint must be satisfied for the statement
to succeed.

CCP505.58 9
Constraint (Contd…)
 Constraints can be connected to a table by
CREATE TABLE or ALTER TABLE command.
 Use ALTER TABLE to add or drop the constrain
from a table.
 Constraints are recorded in the data dictionary.
 If a constraint is not named , it is assigned the
name SYS_Cn, where n is an integer that
makes the name unique in the database.

CCP505.58 10
Summary

We have discussed about

 CHECK integrity constraints
 Examples

CCP505.58 11
Quiz
1. CHECK constraint is never used if the
constraints can be defined using the
________
b) not null
c) primary key
d) foreign key constraint
e) all

CCP505.58 12