ABAP Training

SAP R/3 Overview

By Vamsi Vellanki

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SAP Overview

"ess-ay-pea "

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SAP Overview

What Is R/3

The third generation set of highly-integrated software modules that perform common business function based on multi-national leading practices. Takes care of any enterprise however it may be in operations, spread over the world geographically.

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SAP Overview

R/3 Product Scope

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SAP Overview

Key Modules

Financial management Financial (FI) Cost accounting (CO) Treasury management (TR) Project management (PS) Asset management (AS) Support applications Human resource (HR)

Manufacturing applications/logistics Production planning (PP) Quality management (QM) Plant maintenance (PM) Materials management (MM) Sales and distribution (SD) Industry solutions (IS) Work flow (WF)

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Financial Management
FI modules General ledger (FI-GL) Accounts receivable (FI-AR) Accounts payable (FI-AP) Legal consolidation (FI-LC) Accounting information systems Treasury (TR) Cash management Funds management Treasury management Cost accounting (CO) Cost centre accounting Cost distribution Activity based accounting Product cost accounting Profitability analysis

Supports Automatic management and external reporting of all financial transactions in the system.

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More Financial Management Modules

Project management Define project Set project definition Determine work breakdown structure Develop project networks Project cost planning Capacity requirement planning Control project Maintain project documentation Project budget control

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Logistics

The management of assets Asset management Plant management

Design and control of production Production planning Quality management Sales and distribution

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Asset Management

Asset management Control fixed assets Maintenance and repair of assets Purchase and sale of assets Asset accounting Depreciation Asset replacement Investment management

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Plant Maintenance Management

Maintenance orders Resource management Maintenance history Usage history Maintenance as customer service

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Production Planning

Sales and operations planning Master planning Materials requirements planning Capacity requirements planning

Production orders Product costing Process industry modules

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Sales and Distribution

Sales support SD-CAS Sales SD-SLS Shipping SD-SHP Billing SD-BIL

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Materials Management

Material requirement planning Purchasing Inventory management Invoice verification Warehouse management

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Support Systems

Human resource management Time management Personnel planning and development Workforce planning Travel expenses

Work flow Models sequence of a business process to ensure that the appropriate steps are carried out At the right moment By the right people

Must be tuned to local rules and conditions.

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R/3 Is Integrated

Common database Common data dictionary Application update flows to all related systems One point of data entry Consistent data Elimination of redundant data Consistent user interface

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R/3 Is Flexible

Can be customized to meet Own business practices Best business practices Allows interfaces to other systems Allows for own report and screen generation Runs on multiple hardware and database platforms Can be tailored

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R/3 Supports the Business

Complete business solution across all business functions Has solutions to most critical business processes (over 1000) Provides an enterprise wide solution Support global business and accounting processes Standardized business processes using best practice models Supports multiple business structures and multiple business units

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R/3 Reveals the Business

Implementation requires Statement of business rules Clear model of business process Work flow Opportunity to streamline decision making Opportunity for business process reengineering

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A Function View of the Business

Sales Staff Acctg. Staff Prod Staff Order Entry Order Ship
Order Receipt

Order Parts
Order Schedule

Pay Staff Pay Parts

Invoice Order

Order Make

Assign Staff

Receipt Order

HR

Sales

Prod

Acct

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A Process View of the Business

Order Processing

Product Development Customer Service

Financial Reporting HR Sales Prod Acct

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Implication for R/3 Implementation

Requires process view Requires answers to questions of work flow at least Positions the firm to undertake BPR (business process re-engineering) or major modification to R/3

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SAP R/3 - Summary

Is a comprehensive suite of integrated applications meeting the needs of most enterprises in the common business processes. Covers Financial management Logistics Human resource management Supports Best practice through work flow analysis

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The Technology of SAP R/3

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Varieties

R/2 is mainframe system R/3 is client server system R/3 may be two or three tiered client server 3 tier is recommended

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R/3 Architecture

R/3 Applications BASIS R/3 Middleware

Systems Software Hardware

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R/3 Middleware

Client server Uses underlying relational databases Oracle SQL server Ingress Sybase Its graphical user interface Sap GUI

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System Platforms
UNIX BOXES DEC ALPHA INTEL IBM AS 400
Hardware

UNIX: Most Variants

ADABAS, DB2 for AIX Informix

Windows NT

OS400

Operating Systems

ORACLE

MS SQL Server

DB2/400

Databases

Win 3.1, Win 95, Win NT, OSF Motif, Presentation Manager, MacIntosh

Win 95 OS/2

Dialog SAPGUI Languages

ABAP/4, C, C++

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What Is 3-tiered?

3 functional areas Presentation Workstations Application logic Small boxes Data management Large box

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Database Server Application Servers

Presentation Servers

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Varieties of Client Server

Name Centralized System

Presentation Application

Database

Mainframe with terminals

2 Tier System
Mainframe with intelligent terminals 3 Tier System PC or NC High End Mainframe or Mini Workstation

NOTE: a truly distributed system may distribute the database; the processing of an application or processing of presentation calculations

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R/3 Middleware: Interfaces to Systems Software

Presentation
Database DB Interface

R/3
OS Interface Operating System

Pres Interface

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Structure of an Application Server

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Dispatching Dialog Steps

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Structure of a Work Process

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Client

In commercial, organizational & technical terms, a client is a selfcontained unit of R/3 system . clients have their own customizing facility , application data & user master records. Clients play a particular part in R/3 system Sap distinguishes several clients which should be distributed across at least 2 R/3 systems . each client has a different purpose :

Development / test :

You use the development / test client for customizing your activities & for developing your own repository objects . however ,all repository objects are available & can be changed in all clients .

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Client.
Quality assurance : Training :
Use the quality assurance client to test your customization. To reset quality assurance client after testing , sap recommends use of another client to hold test data. This is meant for training project teams & end -users.

Production :

This receives the tested customizing settings & your repository objects . Sap recommends definition of no more than one production client . Standard delivery system comprises two identical clients. Both contain same customizing settings , but no application data. Client 000 is saps standard client which is modified by each sap upgrade . This client should not be changed in any way . Perform the customizations in client 001 .

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Client
CLIENT 000 (DELIVERY SYSTEM)
CLIENT SPECIFIC

CLIENT 001 (DELIVERY SYSTEM)

CLIENT nnn (CUSTOMER COPY)

CROSSCLIENT

CROSS-CLIENT CUSTOMIZING REPOSITORY OBJECTS

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Client
America Europe Japan Client 010 Client 020 Client 030

R/3 Europe R/3 America R/3 Japan

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Client Copies
Configuration

Development

Quality Assurance
Interface Testing User Training

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Summary

SAP R/3 is Client server 3 tier

Presentation Application Database

Relatively hardware and database independent ABAP/4 applications runs on application servers. Dispatcher, shared memory, gateway, work processes are major components of an application server.

SAP R/3 offers Comprehensive suite of integrated applications meeting the needs of most business Best practice process design Ability to configure to Industry sector Unique business requirements

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Your Role

Modify R/3 to suit organizations business processes Modify R/3 to meet organization mid-way Even if the entire business practice is adopted: New reports/transactions Modify reports/transactions Aggregation of functions

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End