DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH

Name of the staff : K.S.SUNANDA

Designation : Lecturer in E.C.E.
Branch : ECE
Institute : G.M.R. Polytechnic., Srisailam
Semester : I-Year
Subject : Electronic Components and Devices
Subject Code : EC-105
Topic : Switches and Relays
Duration : 50 Min
Sub topic : Relays
Teaching aids : Diagrams
EC105. 71 1
Objectives

On completion of this period, you would be able to:

• Define a relay.

• Classify relays.

• Appreciate the function of the relay.

EC105. 71 2
 RECAP

We discussed in last class about:

. MCB and its applications

EC105. 71 3
Known to Unknown

1. What is a switch?

4. Does it operate mechanically or electrically?

EC105. 71 4
Define a Relay

Relay is

• Electrically operated switch.

• Opens or closes an auxiliary circuit.

• Mechanism to make or break connection in an electric

circuit.

EC105. 71 5
Types of Relays

fig 1

EC105. 71 6
Types of Relays.,

fig 2

EC105. 71 7
Types of Relays.,

fig 3

EC105. 71 8
CLASSIFICATION

• Can be classified based on :

• Principle of operation.

• Polarization.

• Applications.

EC105. 71 9
BASED ON PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

• Electro thermal relays.

• Electro magnetic relays.

• Solid state relays.

• Hybrid relays ( combination of (b) and (c)).

EC105. 71 10
BASED ON POLARIZATION

• I Polarized relays Ex. Telegraph relays

• II. Non- polarized relays Ex Telephone relays

EC105. 71 11
BASED ON APPLICATIONS

Types of relays
• General purpose relays.

• Reed relays.

• 3 Time delay relays.

• 4 Inter locking relays .

EC105. 71 12
 Types of relays

• Latching relays.
• Fast acting relay.
• Slugged relay.
• Shunt field relay.
• High speed relay.
• Directional relay .

EC105. 71 13
 Types of relays

• Mercury wetted relay.

• Ferrered relay.

• Over Load relay.

• Over current relay.

EC105. 71 14
 RELAY

operation polarization application

Electro thermal
Electro magnetic 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Solid state Polarized
Hybrid
Nonpolarized

EC105. 71 15
ELECTRO THERMAL RELAY

Principles-

• Operates on temperature.

• Comprises of two materials.

• Current passed, heat produced, contacts made.

• More current passed, contact materials expand, contacts

broken.

EC105. 71 16
ELECTRO THERMAL RELAY

Make contact

Bimetallic strip

Expansion of
Bimetallic strip

Fig 4

EC105. 71 17
WORKING

Bimetallic strip

Contactor

Current flows

Head Generated

Expansion

Circuit break

Cools

Contraction

Circuit closed

EC105. 71 18
APPLICATIONS

• Used in microwave oven

• electric cooker

• geyser

• Iron box

EC105. 71 19
ELECTROMAGNETIC RELAY

Three basic elements in it:

• Actuating element.

• Armature.

• Contacts.

EC105. 71 20
CONSTRUCTION

• Core surrounded by coil of copper wire.

• Core made of plastic or bakelite .

• Coil impregnated by varnish.

• Core mounted on metal frame.

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ELECTRO MAGNETIC RELAY

Fig 5
EC105. 71 22
Working

• Voltage applied to coil produces magnetic field in the

core .

• Core attracts metal armature.

• Due to force of attraction, various contacts attached to

the armature make, break or change over.

• When voltage is removed, armature returns to its original

position.

EC105. 71 23
SUMMARY

We have discussed about :

• Definition of a Relay.

• Classification of Relays.

• Function of the Relay.

EC105. 71 24
QUIZ

1) A Relay is

a) Electrically operated switch controlled by current.

b) Isolating device.

c) Act as electric magnifier.

d) None.

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2) Relays are classified based on

a) polarization

b) principle of operation, polarization, application

c) Application

d) none

EC105. 71 26
Frequently asked Questions

Explain Electro Thermal Relay ?

Explain Electro magnetic Relay ?

Define a relay ?

List the classification of relays ?

EC105. 71 27