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Presented by:Ankur
Commerce
Commerce refers to all the activities the purchase and sales of goods or services.
Marketing, sales, payment, fulfillment, customer service
eCommerce
ecommerce is more then just an online shop selling goods. Businesses make huge savings by more efficient interaction with their suppliers or buyers.
A local pharmacist orders 60% of his supplies from an overseas pharmaceutical suppliers website and saves 5% in his purchases - is this ecommerce? A remote Fiji resort attracts guests from the USA after several exchanges of email. Is this ecommerce?
Brief History
1970s: Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT)
Used by the banking industry to exchange account information over secured networks
Late 1970s and early 1980s: Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) for e-commerce within companies
Used by businesses to transmit data from one business to another
1990s: the World Wide Web on the Internet provides easy-to-use technology for information publishing and dissemination
Cheaper to do business (economies of scale)
Features of E-Commerce
1. Payment - credit card, smart cards, E-money 2. Service availability - business among enterprises, customers, suppliers and employees anytime, anywhere. 3. Advertising and marketing-advertising products and services. 4. Sales- Generating orders for the product. 5. Fulfillment Processing the order and delivering the product. 6. Secure Communications-Fast, efficient, reliable communication with customers and partners.
Business-to-Business (B2B)
Business-to-Consumer (B2C)-
Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C)-
Consumer-to-Business (C2B)
Business-to-Government (B2G)-
Government-to-Business (G2B)-
Government-to-Citizen (G2C)-
Ecommerce infrastructure
Information superhighway infrastructure
Internet, LAN, WAN, routers, etc. telecom, cable TV, wireless, etc.
What is working?
Travel / Tourism Retail - items that dont need personal touch objectivity in product quality and performance music, books, gifts, Computers, electronic items Auctions Real Estate - houses and investment properties. Customer support services
More efficient and effective processes between businesses (B 2 B)
Groceries - it works for some people but market is restricted Note: Many OFF line factors determine success of Online service. Eg. Transport
network, customer profiles,
Objectives?
Why get online?
Promote awareness of your Organization Sell a product Customer support Information and contact page Networking Everyone else has a web page
Plan
What is your product?
Electronic, Services or physical Portable and inexpensive to deliver Tourism
Transactions
1. Getting paid online is very difficult in the Pacific. Many banks will need a large deposit or a strong relationship to allow a SME to open a merchant / credit card processing account at a bank. Alternatives include:
Delivery
Delivering an artifact after online purchase or attracting visitors to an eco tourism resort managing expectations is essential
People are used to guaranteed delivery but more importantly, communicate reality so expectations are realistic. E.g. Implement a 2 week guarantee for goods Ensure online advertisement meets expectations
Decreased costs
Handling of sales inquiries Providing price quotes Determining product availability
Loss of ability to inspect products from remote locations Rapid developing pace of underlying technologies Difficult to calculate return on investment Cultural and legal impediments
DMS
Client
Web Server
Application Server
Database Server
Web architecture
Client/server model
Cryptography
Keeping secrets
Privacy: interceptor cannot use information Authentication: senders identity cannot be forged Integrity: data cannot be altered Non-repudiation: sender cannot deny sending
Security Schemes
Encryption
Digital Signature Security Certificates Fire wall
Encryption
Types of encryption:
Symmetric encryption Asymmetric encryption
Digital Signatures
Digital signatures are a means of ensuring authentication of electronic information. A digital signature is an electronic signature whose authenticity is guaranteed through encryption and a password.
Private Key- A unique combination known only to the signer. It is used to encrypt the message. Message Digest-The encrypted message that is created with the help of the Private key- A code sent to the receiver separately to enable decryption of the message digest. It is also available on the web site of the certification Authority.
Security Certificate
Just as a passport is a universal way to establish your identity and gain entry to another country, a digital or security Certificate provides identification in the electronic world. Certificate authorities (CAS) are organizations that issue security certificates.
Fire wall
The ICSA (International Computer Society Association) defines firewall as a system or group of systems that enforces an access control policy between two computer networks.
Begin the ECommerce test by going to the portal Web page and select Record > Start Recording, from the menu.
When you reach the payment section of the order, enter synthetic payment information (to avoid transaction charges).
Validate the order by selecting and validating feedback that indicates a successful order.
When you are finished testing your E-Commerce portal, select Record > Stop Recording. You tested this portal successfully.