QUALITY OF SERVICE

DEI-ISEP 2011-2012 Master Thesis

What is QoS?

QoS (Quality of Service) is the set of necessary techniques to manage network bandwidth, delay and packet loss. It is important to assure that critical applications have guaranteed the network resources they need, despite of varying network traffic load.

QoS Requirements

Some QoS Requirements are:

Bandwidth
Packet Delay

loss rate

Jitter

Some QoS can be provided by using Integrated Services and Differentiated Services

QoS Types

QoS is usually associated to IP networks. There are three kinds of QoS:

Integrated

Services (IntServ) Differentiated Services (DiffServ) Best-Effort

Standard

IP-based networks provide best effort data delivery by default

IntServ

Defines values and mechanisms for allocating resources to flows across the end-to-end path of the flow. Requires support on the network devices across which the flow travels Requires resources for each flow (memory or bandwidth) Requires a mechanism to communicate flow requirements across network devices in the endto-end path of a flow provided by RSVP (Resource Reservation Protocol)

RSVP

Resource Reservation Protocol is used by network devices to request specific quality of service levels from network devices in the endto-end path of a traffic flow. A successful RSVP request results in resources being reserved at each network device along the end-to-end path of the flow.

DiffServ

Differentiated service is a multiple service model that can satisfy differing QoS requirements. The network tries to deliver a particular kind of service based on the QoS specified by each packet. This specification can occur in different ways:
IP Precedence bit settings in IP packets Source and Destination addresses

DiffServ

The main goals of the DiffServ model are to provide scalability and a similar level of QoS to the IntServ model, without having to do it on a per-flow basis. The network simply identifies a class and applies the appropriate per-hop behavior. A class can be identified as a single application or based on a source or destination IP address

DiffServ

An important concept is that it applies to aggregate traffic flows into traffic classes, not individual traffic flows. Why?
Scalability

There are 3 traffic classes for DiffServ:

Best-effort Assured

forwarding (AF) Expedited forwarding (EF)

DiffServ

Can be used to provide low-latency to critical network traffic such as voice or streaming media while providing simple best-effort service to non-critical services such as http traffic (Web)

IntServ vs DiffServ
Function / Feature DiffServ IntServ Limited to Small or Medium-size Enterprise Networks All Network Devices in end-to-end path of flow

Scalability
Scope

Scalable to Large Enterprise Networks

Per Network Device Traffic aggregated into Classes Simple

Granularity of Control
Management

Per-Flow
Complex

QoS for Wireless Networks

Wireless networks have been widely deployed for a variety of purposes. Applications with QoS constraints like video streaming or VOIP have some requirements on delay. To solve QoS problems, was introduced and extension to IEEE 802.11 standard called 802.11e with intention to introduce quality of service support on wireless networks.

IEEE 802.11e

802.11e offers quality of service (QoS) features, including the prioritization of data, voice and video

References

Network Analysis, Architecture and Design James McCabe http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality_of_service http://www.scribd.com/doc/10064341/CiscoIntroduction-IP-QoS-Course http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/ios/12_0/qos/config uration/guide/qcintro.html http://www.cisco.com/en/US/technologies/tk543/tk766/ technologies_white_paper09186a00800a3e2f.html http://www.cs.okstate.edu/~saranga/Spring2005/CS52 83/wlan_qos.pdf http://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/definitio n/80211e