Bai 2

Ngn ng HTML
HTML l g?
(Hyper Text Markup Language)
Ngn ng nh du siu vn bn L mt s nh dng bo cho trnh duyt Web (Web browser) bit cch hin th mt trang Web. Cc trang Web thc ra khng c g khc ngoi vn bn cng vi cc th (tag) HTML c sp xp ng cch hoc cc on code cho trnh duyt Web bit cch thng dch v hin th chng ln trn mn hnh.
Cu trc ca mt file HTML

Th (tag) HTML l g?
Cc lnh HTML c gi l cc th.

Cc th ny c dng iu khin ni dung v hnh thc trnh by ca ti liu HTML.
Th m ("<tnth>") v th ng ("</tnth>"), ch ra s bt u v kt thc ca 1 lnh HTML.

V d: Th HTML c s dng nh du s bt u v kt thc ca ti liu HTML <HTML> ....... </HTML> Du / nm trong 1 th bo hiu cho trnh duyt bit l hiu ng ca th kt thc. Nh vy vic s dng mt th (tag) HTML nh sau: <tn th> vng vn bn chu tc ng </tn th>.
Mt ti liu HTML gm 3 phn c bn:
1. Phn HTML:
Mi ti liu HTML phi bt u bng th m HTML <HTML> v kt thc bng th ng HTML </HTML> <html> ...... </html> Th HTML bo cho trnh duyt bit ni dung gia 2 th ny l 1 ti liu HTML
2.Phn tiu
Bt u bng th <HEAD> v kt thc bi th </HEAD>. Phn ny cha tiu c hin th trn thanh tiu ca trang Web.
Tn tiu nm trong th <TITLE> v kt thc l th </TITLE>.
3.Phn thn
Phn ny nm sau phn tiu . Bao gm vn bn, hnh nh v cc lin kt m bn mun hin th trn trang web ca mnh. Phn thn bt u bng th <BODY> v kt thc bng th </BODY> Ngoi ra ghi ch thch, tin cho vic xem tag HTML hoc cp nht mt trang Web, ta cn t ch thch vo gia <! ghi ch thch -->.
Tm li cu trc c bn ca mt file HTML l
<html> <head> <title> Tn trang </title> </head> <body> .....  ..... </body> </html>.
Th d :To file HTML nh sau : <html> <head> <title>Chn tri tri thc </title> </head> <body> Trong phn ny bn s c hc nhng kin thc c bn v HTML, cng c to ra cc trang Web. Sau khi hc xong v HTML bn c th to ra nhng trang Web y n tng vi vn bn, hnh nh, m thanh... </body> </html> Lu file vi phn m rng l html. Th d ta t tn l bai1.html
Hin th vn bn dng m, nghing, gch di, ch s trn, ch s di
HTML
y l tag gch chn
y l tag nghing y l tag m H20 A2 
Kt qu y l tag gch chn y l tag nghing y l tag m Ch s di Ch s trn
Bn c th kt hp cc th (tag) ny vi nhau, min l chng c lng vo nhau mt cch chnh xc. Th d va m va nghing
 .... 
Su mc tiu
Khi trnh by mt trang Web, i khi bn phi cn n cc tiu theo cc kch c, phng ch khc nhau. HTML c cc tag thc hin vic ny. to mt tiu chng ta dng th
<hx> Tn tiu </hx>

Trong x l mt s c gi tr t 1 n 6 ch kch c tiu .
chia on HTML dng th 

Cng lu rng tag <hx> gn lin vi s chia on nn bn khng cn phi t trc <hx>.
Th l chm dt mt on
Th ngt 
Phn t s dng ngt dng trong ti liu HTML. Th b sung 1 k t xung dng ti v tr ca th. Th ny khc th ch n khng chn thm vo trang ca bn mt dng trng nh th . Bn c th s dng th ny khi to mt danh sch, vit cc dng ca mt bi th.
Th ng k ngang: <hr>
Th <hr> c dng k 1 ng k ngang trn trang, Th ny thng dng chia nhng phn chnh ca trang Web. Nhng thuc tnh sau gip iu khin cc ng nm ngang. N ch c th bt u, khng c th kt thc v khng c ni dung. M t Ch nh v tr ca ng nm ngang. Chng ta c th canh l: Center (canh gia) right(canh phi), left(canh tri) Ch di ca ng thng. N c th xc nh bng cc Pixel hoc tnh theo phn trm. Mc nh l 100%, ngha l ton b b ngang ca ti liu. Ch dy ca ng thng v c xc nh bng cc Pixel Ch ng c hin th bng mu c thay v c bng
Thuc tnh Align
Witdh Size Noshade
Th <pre>
Th <pre> trnh by v cch hin th cc on vn ging nh bn trnh by, trong c c cc khong trng v du xung dng. Nh bn bit trong cc phn trc, trnh duyt b qua cc dng trng, du hiu xung dng khi ta son tho. Tuy nhin bn vn c th hin th c vn bn nh lc bn nhp vo bng cch s dng tag <pre>
S dng th 
Th dng iu khin s hin th vn bn trn trang web. Chng ta cng c th ch nh cc thuc tnh nh kch thc, mu sc, kiu... Chng ta c th t cc thuc tnh cho c ti liu bng cch t phn t vo bn trong th <BODY>. Ngoi ra, thuc tnh FONT c th t cho tng t, tng phn v tng phn t trong trang. Cc thuc tnh ca Font:
Thuc tnh
COLOR : c dng ch mu ca font. Chng ta c th dng tn mu hoc gi tr thp phn xc nh mu. SIZE : c dng ch kch thuc ca FONT t 1 n 7. Kch thc ln nht l 7 v nh nht l 1. FACE : c dng ch nh kiu font ch.
C PHP: ON CH XC NH

TH D :
HIN TH ON CH THIT K WEB MU SIZE 3 FONT CH ARIAL NH SAU: THIT K WEB 
Canh l cho vn bn Thuc tnh ALIGN c s dng canh l cho cc phn t HTML trong trang web chng ta c th canh l vn bn, cc i tng, hnh nh, cc an, cc phn on,... Thuc tnh ALIGN gm cc gi tr sau: Value Left : Vn bn c canh l tri Center : Vn bn c canh gia Right : Vn bn c canh phi Justify : Vn bn c canh u hai bn TH D : Anh khng xng l bin xanh Nhng anh mun em l b ct trng 
Bi tp
Bi tp
Bi tp
Bi tp

Bai 2

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Bai 2

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Ngn ng HTML

Cu trc ca mt file HTML

Cc lnh HTML c gi l cc th.

Th m ("<tnth>") v th ng ("</tnth>"), ch ra s bt u v kt thc ca 1 lnh HTML.

Mt ti liu HTML gm 3 phn c bn:

Tn tiu nm trong th <TITLE> v kt thc l th </TITLE>.

Tm li cu trc c bn ca mt file HTML l

Hin th vn bn dng m, nghing, gch di, ch s trn, ch s di

Kt qu y l tag gch chn y l tag nghing y l tag m Ch s di Ch s trn

<b> <i> .... </i> </b>

<hx> Tn tiu </hx>

chia on HTML dng th <p>

Thuc tnh Align

Witdh Size Noshade

C PHP: <FONT SIZE = XX COLOR=XX FACE =FONTCH> ON CH XC NH

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