Web Client Web Servers

Advisor: Rung-Hung Gau Speaker: Tsai-Fang Yeh Date: Mar. 14, 2007

Web Technologies

Outline
Web Clients
Basic Browser Functions-Mozilla URLs User-Controllable Features

Web Servers
Server Configuration Tomcat

Web Clients
A web client is software that accesses a web server by sending an HTTP request message and processing the resulting HTTP response. In general, any web client that is designed to directly support user access to web servers is known as a user agent Web browsers running on desktop or laptop computers are the most common form of web client software.

Mozilla
A primary reason for choosing to use Mozilla as a concrete browser example is that is runs on Linux, Windows, and Macintosh systems Also, the fact that it is open source means that if youre curious about details of how a feature operates, you have access to the source code itself.

location bar Title bar Menu bar Navigation toolbar

Client area

Status bar

online

insecure

URLs
authority path query http://www.example.org:56789/a/b/c.txt?t=win&s=chess#para5
port number fragment

authority: domain name or IP address path: is in fact concatenated by the server with a base file path in order to form an actual file path on the servers system query: was intended to pass search terms to a web server fragment: are used by browsers to scroll HTML documents

User-Controllable Features

Web Servers
The primary feature of every web server is to accept HTTP requests from web clients and return an appropriate resource in the HTTP response NCSAs httpd web server was starting point for sever development . httpd was used on a large fraction of the early web servers, but the NCSA discontinued development of the server in the mid-1990s. When this happened, several individuals who were running httpd at their sites joined forces and began developing their own updates to the open-source httpd software. Their updates were called patches, and this led to calling their work a patchy server, which soon became known as the Apache sever

Web Servers
Microsofts Internet Information Server (IIS) provides essentially all of the features found in Apache, although IIS have the drawback of running only on Windows systems, while Apache runs on Windows, Linux, and Macintosh systems. Both servers can be configured to run a variety of types of programs (VBScript, Perl, PHP, Java) When running a Java program, both Apache and IIS servers are usually configured to run the program by using separate software called servlet container. The servlet container provides the Java Virtual Machine that runs the Java program, and also provides communication between the servlet and the Apache or IIS web server.

Server Configuration
Broadly speaking, server configuration can be broken into two areas: External communication Coyote, which provides the HTTP/1.1 communication Internal processing Catalina, which is the actual servlet container

Tomcat
Tomcat is a popular, free, and open-source servlet container developed and maintained by the Apache software Foundation. In addition to running as a servlet container called on by web servers, Tomcat can also be run as a standalone web server that communicates directly with web clients. The standalone Tomcat server can serve documents stored in the server machines file system and run programs written in non-Java languages.