And the

Environment

Overview
Engineers Environment Obligations Environmental issues What you can do?

What do Engineers do?

Engineers apply the theories and principles of science and mathematics to the economical solution of practical technical problems. Often their work is the link between a scientific discovery and its application. It is the engineer part of the human brain that has made civilization possible.

To Engineer is Human
Driving Force of History - the plow, like wheel, was a significant event in the history of mankind The plow, and many other devices like it, allowed humankind to rise above daily survival To become a creator - a creator of art, music, writing and reading, science and industry, of countless other non-basic-survival related occupations - in short, a creator of civilization The clever inventor of the plow had never heard the word engineering but that's what he was doing

Earths Environment

The Blue Marble

Earth Facts
Human Population of the Earth: 6,610,000,000 as of Aug. 2007 World Population Growth: 1.14% - 2006 estimate (the earth's population will double in 61.4 years) Earth's Diameter at the Equator: 12,756.1 km Average Distance from the Earth to the Sun: 149,669,180 km Average Distance from the Earth to the Moon: 384,403.1 km Highest Elevation on Earth - Mt. Everest, Asia: 8850 m Water vs. Land: 70.8% Water, 29.2% Land Age of the Earth: 4.5 to 4.6 billion years Atmosphere Content: 77% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and traces of argon, carbon dioxide and water Comparatively, atmospheric environment is paper thin

Environment
Right word is Sustainability more representative and contemporary The Brundtland Commission defined sustainable development as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Agenda 21 is a programme run by the United Nations related to sustainable development. It is a comprehensive blueprint of action to be taken globally, nationally and locally by organisations of the UN, governments, and major groups in every area in which humans impact on the environment

Engineers and Sustainability

Environment is every ones responsibility doctor, teacher, politician, citizen, manufacturer, customer Why to make engineer especially responsible? Engineer creates civilization & development Engineering for human development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

Responsibilities
What are the responsibilities of professional engineers with regard to the environment? The first canon of the international code requires engineers to "hold paramount the safety, health and welfare of the public in the performance of their professional duties." Engineers already have an obligation to concern themselves with pollution, when it affects human health...to accept responsibility in making engineering decisions consistent with the safety, health, and welfare of the public, and to disclose promptly factors that might endanger the public or the environment.

Some Examples
Using methods that minimize environmental damage to provide sufficient food, water, shelter, and mobility for a growing world population Designing products and processes so that wastes from one are used as inputs to another Incorporating environmental and social constraints as well as economic considerations into engineering decisions

Expectations
As the global population grows and standards of living improve, there will be increasing stress on the world's limited resources. Thus engineers of the future will be asked to use the earth's resources more efficiently and produce less waste, while at the same time satisfying an everincreasing demand for goods and services. To prepare for such challenges, engineers will need to understand the impact of their decisions on built and natural systems, and must be adept at working closely with planners, decision makers, and the general public. Sustainable Engineering emphasizes these and related issues.

Ethics
Judgment to determine what is "clean"? Dangers to human health be a matter of professional ethics or personal ethics? The attitudes of managers towards environmental laws Conflict of interest Abiding the law

K-EPA Regulations
1995/1996/2001/2002 1. Development & Environment 2. Work environment and indoor environment 3. Chemical Resource Management 4. Management of household, healthcare and hazardous waste 5. Protection of marine and coastal environment 6. Protection of earth crust from pollution 7. Protection of ambient air 8. Biodiversity 9. General provisions 10. Appendix 1 to 20 giving limits and requirements

Global Warming
Greenhouse gases Climate change - IPCC has predicted an average global rise in temperature of 1.4 to 5.8C between 1990 - 2100 The Kyoto Protocol the international Framework Convention on Climate Change with the objective of reducing Greenhouse gases 11 December 1997 in Kyoto 36 developed countries and 137 developing countries have ratified the protocol, (including Brazil, China and India, but have no obligation beyond monitoring and reporting emissions) 5% decrease in CO2 by 2012 (vs 1990) Carbon foot print Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) carbon trading
is an arrangement allowing industrialised countries to invest in projects that reduce emissions in developing countries as an alternative to more expensive emission reductions in their own countries

EMS ISO14001
A management system for environment like ISO9000 for quality A systematic approach to deal with the environmental aspects of an organization. It is a 'tool' that enables an organization of any size or type to control the impact of its activities, products or services on the natural environment Benefits
Assuring customers of commitment to demonstrable environmental management Demonstrating reasonable care and maintaining good public/community relations

Key Elements
The key elements of an ISO 14001 EMS are: Environmental Policy Planning - the analysis of the environmental aspects and impacts Implementation and operation Checking and corrective action - Audit Management Review Continual improvement

Things Engineers do
Construction, consulting, design, development, teaching, planning, production, research, sales, service, and testing What are the environmental aspects and significant impacts?

What you can do?

You have the power to make a change circle of influence Think globally act locally Planning consider environment as early as possible in project development and technology selection Cradle to grave disposal, public, client

What you can do?

Immediate tangible benefits Integrate with daily management part of daily routine (waste, emission) Pollution of the Arabian Gulf solutions (package units, common treatment) Energy conservation Carbon credits good opportunity for SME

Antares is the 15th brightest star in the sky. It is more than 1000 light years away. Now how big are you?

Before you leave

1. 2. 3. Three things that you take from here You have the responsibility to change You have the power to change Analyze aspects and impacts of whatever you are doing and make that change