MAYANK CHANDOLA MBA-IB SECTION:B PRN:11020241087

Fast Fact RTE: Background Elements of RTE Provisions of RTE

Act

Advantages Loggerheads in RTE Areas of Concern Road to Implementation

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Out-of-School Children:The number of out-of-school children has declined from 25 million in 2003 to 8.1 million in mid2009. The percentage of out-of-school children in highly populated states like Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Orissa and Bihar remains a cause of concern.

Social Inclusion:Although there have been significant improvements in the proportion of children from socially disadvantaged groups in school, persistence gaps remain. Teachers:Children have the right to have at least 1 qualified and trained teacher for every 30 pupils. Currently, the national average is about 1 teacher to every 34 students, but in states such as Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and West Bengal 1 teacher works with more than 60 students.

Sanitation:84 out of 100 schools have drinking water facilities overall in India. But nearly half the schools in Arunachal Pradesh, Assam and Meghalaya do not. Sixty-five out of 100 schools Chandolacommon toilets in India; however Mayank have PRN:11020241087

The 86th Constitutional Amendment was passed in December 2002 Consequently Art 21A, emanating from Art 21 being the Fundamental Right to Life, was inserted Art 21A states:

Every child between the ages of 6 to 14 years has the right to free and compulsory education. The government schools shall provide free education to all the children. Private schools shall admit at least 25% of the children in their schools without any fee.

Mayank Chandola PRN:11020241087

Equality and non discrimination: Education must be guaranteed to all, especially the most vulnerable groups, in law and in fact, without discrimination. Availability: Functioning educational institutions and programs must be available in sufficient quantity. Viz. buildings, safe drinking water, trained teachers, proper sanitation Accessibility Economic: Education has to be affordable to all. Physical: Education has to be within safe, physical reach. Acceptability: Relevant, culturally appropriate and of good quality. Adaptability: Education must be flexible, so it can adapt to the needs of changing societies and communities, and respond to the needs of students within diverse social/cultural settings. International assistance: If it is required to realize the right, governments must ask for international assistance, Mayank Chandola PRN:11020241087 and UN bodies, international agencies and bilateral

Age group: 6- 14 years Coverage: Elementary Education (upto class 8) Free & compulsory education in a neighborhood school Ensure compulsory admission, attendance & completion of elementary education.

Mayank Chandola PRN:11020241087

 Child

to be admitted to age- appropriate class and has the right to receive special training to come at par with other children good quality elementary education.

Ensure Aided

and private schools: 25% reservation for weaker & disadvantaged children. that children from weaker and disadvantaged group are not discriminated against to get reimbursement for this expenditure.

Ensure

Schools Govt. 25%

may provide free pre-school education.

reservation for weaker/ disadvantaged children applies here as well.

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Norms and standards for all schools (government and private), including teacher qualifications, will be detailed without which no school will be recognized Appropriate pupil- teacher ratio within 6 months Private schools will have to reserve 25% of their seats for the disadvantaged and weaker sections Overall, RTE is a well conceptualized and comprehensive Act, covering various stakeholders who have an influence on childs education- parents, community, teachers, schools and the government

Mayank Chandola PRN:11020241087

Girls lower attendance at and completion of school may be due to discrimination. Overcrowding in classrooms is likely due to an insufficient number of schools. A lack of textbooks and equipment would also contravene this guarantee. If parents cannot pay school fees and/or must send children to work to help support the family, then education is not affordable to them. When schools are not near home and transportation is not readily available, education is not physically accessible. Poor teaching and poor quality textbooks contravene the guarantee of a good quality education. School drop out may be due to a number of reasons, but one could be that the education does not address the needs of specific groups ofChandola PRN:11020241087 students. Mayank

Major concern: implementation in the right spirit Enforcement of the Fundamental Rights is the duty of the state. Now the state is enforcing it on others including the minorities. Mechanisms to ensure good quality education? Child labor Act - various areas of conflict. Education for children under 6 (ECE) is optional Disadvantaged children treated as a homogenous groupvarious categories and different needs for each Assumptions: child at home & in a family. Ensuring specific needs of street children or those who migrate? SMCs- private schools exempted/ minority institutions (advisory role)
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25% seats to be reserved for disadvantaged groups. How do you identify children belonging to disadvantaged group? What happens if more than 25% come for admission? Where a child is directly admitted in a class appropriate to his/her age, he/she has a right to receive special training to be at par with others. How do you do that? Regarding age proof even an affidavit will suffice. Now, can you insist on hospital certificate or baptism certificate? No test or interview for admission. Under the act, compulsory education starts at the age of 6. ButMayank Chandola PRN:11020241087 our schools admit children in UKG or
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Form the database with the following content:

Educational Level Name/Age Neighborhood school Family income Trained teacher availability Teacher student ratio Density of population

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Proper sanitation for boys and girls Basic infrastructure viz. building, blackboard, chairs and tables to be made available Minimum 1 laptop/computer per class with internet connection Teachers are the inevitable part of infrastructure

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Training & curriculum should incorporate the following points:

Special

Bridging courses for non pre-schooled children. children from different social backgrounds.

Mainstreaming Flexible

& realistic view towards admissions. courses and program for teacher training.

Standardized Extensive

use of information technology for training

purposes.
Special

training for members of the School Management Committee

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Institute of development studies: Different strategies and approaches to realize RTE in India (Shantanu Gupta). RTE-SSA Final Report. Elementary Education in India: Analytical Report 2004 (Arun.C Mehta) Right to education Act 2009, Critical gaps and challenges: Economic and political weekly. Cost of Right to Education: Mukul Akshaya http://www.indg.in/primaryeducation/policiesandschemes/right-to-education-bill http://www.right-to-education.or

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