An engine or motor is a machine designed to convert energy into useful mechanical motion.

Heat engines, including internal combustion engines and external combustion engines (such as steam engines) burn a fuel to create heat which is then used to create motion. Electric motors convert electrical energy in mechanical motion, pneumatic motors use compressed air and others, such as wind-up toys use elastic energy. In biological systems molecular motors like myosins in muscles use chemical energy to create motion.

Material is anything made of matter, constituted of one or more substances. Wood, cement, hydrogen, air and water are all examples of materials. Sometimes the term "material" is used more narrowly to refer to substances or components with certain physical properties that are used as inputs to production or manufacturing. In this sense, materials are the parts required to make something else, from buildings and art to stars and computers.

HPC HPT High Pressure Compressor High Pressure Turbine

LPT Low Pressure Turbine

Fan

Combustor LPC Low Pressure Compressor

Performance
Increase Life-time limits and increase materials temperature limits

Fuel Consumption & Emissions

More efficient evaluation of materials and processes with the help of new simulation tools

Costs
Cost efficient materials and processes selection

Reliability & Durability Materials with lower

specific weight for the compressor and turbine application

Lightweight Metal Alloys - Aluminium, Magnesium, Titanium Alloys High Temperature Metal Alloys - Steel, Nickel, Cobalt Alloys Metal, Non Metal Composites, Intermetallics -PMCs, MMCs, Intermetallics, CMCs Environmental Resistance Coatings - Erosion, Wear, Oxidation, Corrosion and Thermal Protective Coatings

max. 1200 C Vanes

Material Properties: - Creep Strength -Thermal Mechanical Fatigue Strength - Microstructural Stability

max. 750 C Material Properties: Discs

Kinetic Energy

Material Properties: - Density - Yield and Rupture Strength - Fatigue Strength (LCF)

Centrifugal Loads

Material Properties: - Fatigue Resistance (LCF, HCF) - Wear, Fretting & Erosion Resistance - Oxidation and Corrosion Resistance

Certified and efficient Manufacturing processes Availability of materials and processes

Quality control concepts and technologies

Complex shaped parts / 50.000 per Turbine Stage

Safety requirements failure rate 1 from 10 9

Damage tolerant materials and designs Modelling of failure mechanism

Efficient and production processes

Erosion, corrosion, abradable and fretting coatings

strength density MPa g/cm^3

temperature C

Spin Tests for Disks

Rub In Tests for Abradable Coatings

Crack Formation and Propagation

Blade Material Wear