Round 1

Marathon
(Theoretical
Mathematics)
Buzzer Round
3 Questions

2
Question 1

1
0

3
How many elements are there
in the rotation group of a
soccer ball (having 20
hexagonal faces and 12
pentagonal faces) ?

4
Solution

60

5
Question 2

1
5

6
 If you have N envelopes (N
being very large) and each
has its unique recipient . You
don’t know which one is to be
sent to whom. Sending all
them randomly what is the
probability that more than
person receives a correct
envelope.
7
 Solution

1 n
1 − (1 − )
n

8
Question 3

2
0

9
• Assume that the random variable
X1 and X2 are normally distributed
. Mean Standard
Deviation
Mean Standard
X1 u1 s1
deviation u2
X2 s2
X1 : u1 s1
X2 : u2 s2
• The co-relation between X1 and
X2 is -1 .
• How can you choose constants 'a'
and 'b' such that (a*X! + b*X2)
has minimum variance

10
 Solution

a+b = 1 , 0<a<=1 , 0<b<=1

11
 Round 2
Shot Put
(Audio/Visual Round)

12
Question 1

1
5

13
 Draw the relation
between the three sets

Complete
Metric Spaces Compact
Metric Spaces

Universal Totally Bounded

Set Metric Spaces

14
 The solution

Compact

Totally
Complete
Bounded
Universal
Set

15
Question 2

1
5

16
 Join these with 4
straight lines without
lifting your pen

17
The solution

18
Question 3

1
0

19
 Connect the three
houses to water,
electricity and gas
suppliers without any
lines crossing-

20
 Solution

It is not possible because K3,3 is not planar.

If it were, m<= 2n-4 (for bipartite)

9 <= 2*6 – 4
9 <= 8
Contradiction

21
Question 4

1
0

22
Insert operators to make
the following statement
true

1 1 1 =6

Hint: Don’t constrain yourself to basic operators

23
 Solution

(1 + 1 + 1 )! = 6

24
 Cross
Country
Round 3
(History/Trivia)

Buzzer Round
10 Questions

25
Question 1

Identify X
3
Hints
2
5 2
0 1
5 1
0

26
Ques
2
5

Hint
1
2
0

Hint
21
5

Hint
31
0
27
Solution

Paul Erdos

28
Question 2
2
Hints
2
5 2
0 1
5

29
Ques
2
5

Hint
1
2
0

Hint
2
1
5 PTO
30
Hint
2
1
5

31
Solution

Alan Turing

32
Question 3
NO
HINTS
1
0

33
 X (December 7, 1823 – December 29, 1891)
argued that arithmetic and analysis must be
founded on "whole numbers", saying, "God made
the integers; all else is the work of man".

34
 Solution

Leopold Kronecker

35
Question 4
NO
HINTS
1
0

36
 " Is R a normal set? If it is normal, then it is a
member of R, since R contains all normal sets. But
if that is the case, then R contains itself as a
member, and therefore is abnormal. On the other
hand, if R is abnormal, then it is not a member of
R, since R contains only normal sets. But if that is
the case, then R does not contain itself as a
member, and therefore is normal. Clearly, this is a
paradox: if we suppose R is normal we can prove
it is abnormal, and if we suppose R is abnormal we
can prove it is normal. Hence, R is both normal
and abnormal, which is a contradiction."

What is this an explanation of?

37
 Solution

Russell's paradox

38
Question 5

1
0

39
 In number theory, a Carmichael number is a
composite positive integer n which satisfies the
congruence a^n-1= 1 mod n for all integers a
which are relatively prime to n.

What is the smallest Carmichael number?

40
 Solution

561

41
Question 6

1
0

42
 X (17 June 1898 – 27 March 1972) was a Dutch
graphic artist.

He is known for his often mathematically inspired

woodcuts, lithographs and mezzotints. These
feature impossible constructions, explorations of
infinity, architecture and tessellations.

43
 Solution

M.C. Escher

44
Question 7

1
5

45
The X is one of the earliest ________ curves to have
been described.

It can be created by starting with an equilateral

triangle. At each step, each side is altered
recursively as follows:

1. Divide the line segment into three segments of

equal length.

2. Draw an equilateral triangle that has the middle

segment from step 1 as its base and points
outward.

3. Remove the line segment that is the base of the

triangle from step 2.

46
 Solution

Koch snowflake

47
Question 8

1
5

48
The universe of X is an infinite two-dimensional
orthogonal grid of square cells, each of which is in
one of two possible states, A or B. Every cell
interacts with its eight neighbours, which are the
cells that are directly horizontally, vertically, or
diagonally adjacent. At each step in time, the
following transitions occur:

1. Any A cell with fewer than two A neighbours or

more than three A neighbours goes to state B.

2. Any A cell with two or three A neighbours stays

in state A.

3. Any B cell with exactly three A neighbours

comes to state A.

49
 Solution

The Game of Life

50
Question 9

1
5

51
attack, so named because of its relation to the
___________ problem in probability theory.

Given a function f, the goal of the attack is to find

two inputs x1,x2 such that f(x1) = f(x2).

Inputs are chosen randomly until such a pair is

obtained.

This method can be rather efficient.

Say a function f(x) yields any of H different

outputs with equal probability.

Then it is expected that the required pair will be

obtained after testing 1.25*sqrt(H) arguments on
average.

52
 Solution

Birthday attack

53
Question 10

1
0

54
In classical logic, _______ ___________ (Latin: mode
that affirms by affirming) is the name given to an
form of argument sometimes referred to as
affirming the antecedent or the law of
detachment.

An example of an argument that fits the form for

_____ _________:

If today is Tuesday, then I will go to work.

Today is Tuesday.
Therefore, I will go to work.

55
 Solution

Modus ponens

56
Sprint
!!!
Rapid FIRE
3 questions
120 seconds

57
58