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Module 3
What is friction?
Friction is a force which opposes motion. Friction is an important force in our lives. We rely on friction in many ways. An athlete usually wears shoes which provide him or her with a greater friction between the shoe and the surface. We rely on friction as an important aspect of our motion. In what other ways does friction play a role in our everyday lives?
What is Gravity?
Gravity is a force of attraction between two objects. Law of Gravitation any two masses exert an attractive force on each other. The amount of attraction depends upon two things: the mass of the objects and the distance between the objects.
How much does a person with a mass of 70.0 kg weigh on the earth?
Weight = mass X 9.8
2 m/s
Weight = 70.0 kg X 9.8 m/s2 Weight = 686 N Remember that 1 N = (1 kg) (1m/s2)
What is weight?
When an astronaut moves away from the earth they lose weight. Weight is caused by the force of attraction between the earth and objects on its surface. The greater the distance an object has from the earth, the less the force of attraction which would exist.
When an object is thrown into the air, two forces and two motions affect the movement of the object. The object may be thrown horizontally with a certain force, but the vertical force of gravity combines to affect the motion.
What is Newtons
rd 3
Law of Motion
For every action there is an equal but opposite reaction. When one object exerts a force on a second object, the second one exerts a force on the first that is equal in size and opposite in direction. Action-Reaction Law
Two objects in contact with one another and moving must use the action-reaction law. Rocket propulsion involves the action-reaction law. The explosion from one end of the rocket causes a force in that direction. This causes an unbalanced force in the opposite direction causing the rocket to accelerate. Video Clip!
What is momentum?
The momentum of an object is equal to the product of its mass and its velocity. The unit for momentum is kg m/s