Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Peter F. Driessen Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Victoria Victoria B.C. Canada www.driessen.ca
Outline
Introduction Capacity expressions Ricean channels Line-of-sight channels Specified environments System design Summary
Introduction
With multiple antennas at both ends of a radio link, Channel capacity grows linearly with number of antennas by
sending different messages on each antenna on the same carrier frequency, and Separating the messages using the multiple antennas at the receiver
Introduction (2)
If send same message on each antenna Then we get only the power gain of the antenna array, and Capacity grows only logarithmically with the number of antennas 8 antennas yield 3 times the capacity
Outline
Introduction Capacity expressions Ricean channels Line-of-sight channels Specified environments System design Summary
Channel capacity
nT transmit antennas, nR receive antennas
Channel capacity
Generalized Shannon capacity for matrix channel
Outline
Introduction Capacity expressions Ricean channels Line-of-sight channels Specified environments System design Summary
Ricean channels
Outline
Introduction Capacity expressions Ricean channels Line-of-sight channels Specified environments System design Summary
Line of sight
Close antenna spacing Wide antenna spacing
3 examples
Narrow-wide spacing
Narrow spacing (constrained to practical size) at one end, wide spacing at the other end
All elements have same amplitude and phase (e.g. all equal to 1)
T1
R1
T2
R2
T1
R2
T2
R1
Example 3
Narrow-wide spacing
Outline
Introduction Capacity expressions Ricean channels Line-of-sight channels Specified environments System design Summary
Street canyon
View from above
Ricean channels
Capacity calculation
H is a combination of LOS matrix of rank depending on geometry plus Rayleigh matrix
Maximum capacity, no correlation Large k, and wide-spaced antennas to a specific calculated spacing
Outline
Introduction Capacity expressions Ricean channels Line-of-sight channels Specified environments System design Summary
Outline
Introduction Capacity expressions Ricean channels Line-of-sight channels Specified environments System design Summary
Summary
Geometric interpretation of multiple antenna systems
Transmitter antenna pattern has nulls on all but one receiver antenna Thus can have independent channels on the same carrier frequency