MPW 1153 MORAL EDUCATION Faculty of Design Innovative

CHAPTER 1: UNDERSTANDING MORALS

MPW 1153 MORAL EDUCATION Faculty of Design Innovative

Ethics Definition UNDERSTANDING MORALS Basic Concept Of Ethics Normative Statement

Values Morality Akhlak

Morals

Descriptive Statement

MPW 1153 MORAL EDUCATION Faculty of Design Innovative

Contexts

Basic Concept Of Value

Functions

* Instrumental value *Intrinsic value

Forms

*Relative value *Absolute value

*Subjective value *Objective value

MPW 1153 MORAL EDUCATION Faculty of Design Innovative

CONTENT 1.1 Definition of - Ethics - Morals - Morality - Akhlak 1.2 Statement - Normative - Descriptive 1.3 Basic Concept of Value 1.4 Types of Moral Value Compared - Instrumental and Intrinsic - Subjective and Objective - Relative and Absolute

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Ethics

It is a moral principles that govern or influence a person behavior

According to William Lillie, (1957: 1-2) ethics is a science of the conduct of human beings living in societies which, also judge this conduct to be right or wrong.

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Ethics
It is responsible determining a person action, whether good or bad.. Ethics -a guide in human life. medical ethics means a code applied by medical practitioner to organize and regulate the doctorpatient relationship.

MPW 1153 MORAL EDUCATION Faculty of Design Innovative

values is moral or professional standards of behaviour.

Values

For example : Professional value such as knowledge, creativity, innovativeness etc.

MPW 1153 MORAL EDUCATION Faculty of Design Innovative

Morals
Moral is teaching, regulation group and resolution, oral or written about how the person should live and act so that it becomes a good person. It concerned with the principles of: Right and wrong behaviour, Able to understand the differences between right and wrong, Teaching or illustrating right behaviour, Practical lesson that a story, an event or an experience teaches.

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Morality
It means principles concerning right and wrong or good and bad behaviour. For example, baby who is the newborn or children at level before experiencing the process of learning, doesn't have the moral feeling. Similarly with the crazy person.

MPW 1153 MORAL EDUCATION Faculty of Design Innovative

Literally, it means attitude, culture, and wealth. Akhlak Technically, it means the condition of soul that will regulate the human beings.

Akhlak is also a study on how to clean up soul from bad morals and to equip the soul with good and respected morals. For example, student has to respect their lecturers

MPW 1153 MORAL EDUCATION Faculty of Design Innovative 10 Basic Concept of Ethics

It means verifying the differences between facts and values apart from concerning the statements, which enlightened the value judgment on how a person should behave. It can be divided into : 1. Normative Statements 2. Descriptive Statements

MPW 1153 MORAL EDUCATION Faculty of Design Innovative

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MORAL AND VALUES

MORAL -Something that relate the human values & behaviour -Moral is universal, not written. I.e respect, tell truth -Cant change VALUES -Family oriented, things you learned at home -Not universal, different in different family -Family values change acc. To time, place -Not written, I.e. friends, go back home

-Comes from storyie. The Boy who cried wolf

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Normative Statements A type of statement that is either justifiable or unjustifiable values judgment. These may include true or false, good or bad, truth or lies, acceptable or unacceptable. Example: 1. Incest is an immoral act. 2. A good person never involve in corruption 3.Abortion is immoral act

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There is a normative stateme-direct effect towards behaviour.

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Example: 1. We should help those in need. Therefore, we should be kind toward those in need. 2. Each individual have a right to ownership. Therefore we should not deprived of other person belongings without permission. Example: 1. Observe the schools regulation. 2. No parking. A fine RM 1000

Normative statement in form of instruction or order.

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Descriptive Statement A type of statement which is free from any value judgment. Also known as Non-Normative Statement, it was made on factual basis.

Example: 1. The fire is hot. 2. The color of car is red.

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Basic Concept of Value Value is: belief and the confidence a person towards to the other person institution which obeys regulation, the choice and primary value of society. Value: -Principle of formation of attitude, -Perception of motivation, -Attitude that is shown by a person -Symbol to something to rely on a person whether positive or negative

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Functions

Shows the direction to a person how he should behave towards others,

As a guide in conflicts resolution, and in making decision.

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If Ahmad appreciates value loves

And appreciate life himself and others. EXAMPLE

He will be encouraged to take care

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For example : If Ahmad appreciates value loves the life, he will be encouraged take care and appreciate life itself and others.

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Types of Moral Values Compared

The term value is used in three different context :

Value as an attribute

Value in axiology context

Value as a measure

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when it passes, you cannot chase it.

Time is money Value as an attribute. Time cant be increased

MPW 1153 MORAL EDUCATION Faculty of Design Innovative Value as a measure of price or of marks assigned to something, example of quantity

Value as an attribute

the total marks (quantity) given to the officer by the head of department when the latter assessed your work performance

22 MPW 1153 MORAL EDUCATION Faculty of Design Innovative Instrumental (Extrinsic)OF VALUES TYPE Values and Intrinsic Values. Instrumental (Extrinsic) Values to show the relationship between value Intrinsic Value These value are used -Quality received or rejected as instrumental to achieve certain objective. -Dependent on other value to achieve certain objective. -Quality received or rejected solely because it is good or bad without considering its effect. -Not dependent on other values to achieve certain objective.

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Example OF Extrinsic value: a) Bombing of Hiroshima to end the Second World War. b) Imposing the death penalty for drug traffickers to stamp out drug trafficking activities.

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Example 0f Intrinsic value: A judge passes a death by hanging sentence on a person found guilty of trafficking drugs purely because it is obligatory for the judge to do so, according to the provision of the law, and not because the judge himself also wishes to stamp out the trafficking of drugs.

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Subjective Values and Objective Values These values are used to show the relationship between values. Subjective Values -Quality accepted or rejected by someone who gives his views. Objective Value -Quality that may be valuable or not valuable but free from personal choice. -Accepted or rejected on the basis of a set of criteria agreed upon by all or a majority of people.

-Accepted or rejected on the basis of an individuals opinion.

MPW 1153 MORAL EDUCATION Faculty of Design Innovative Example :

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The USAs desire to attack Iraq. Britain said that the US should attack Iraq for the sake of long-term peace in the world so that Iraq could not continue to produce weapons of mass destruction. France, on the other hand, said that the US should not attack Iraq because such an attack Iraq because such an attack would sacrifice the lives of many innocent people in Iraq.

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Example : a) War is a horrible tragedy b) Child labour is a cruel practice which must be abolished.

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Relative Values and Absolute Values.

Relative Values -Quality accepted or rejected by -Value accepted or rejected by someone who gives his views. regulations in a society in order to Accepted or rejected on the basis achieve certain societal objective. of an individuals opinion. Absolute Value -Quality that may be valuable or -Value the worth of which is not not valuable the customs personal related to but free fromof a certain choice. society. Accepted or rejected on the basis of a accepted and -Generally set of criteria agreed upon by all or a majority of people. tested or proven to be good or bad.

-It is arbitrary, not perfect, and Example differs in other society. Can change Example -Constant at all times and in all with time. places and in almost all norms of society.

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Example (AbsoluteValue) Living as a legally married couple is a good practice.

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Example (relative Value) -In Kuala Lumpur, a family can develop only through an official marriage of a couple. -On the other hand, in California, a family can be formed without an official marriage.