Академический Документы
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SHIPPING
A Physical Process Of Transporting commodities and merchandise goods and cargo, by land, air, and especially by sea Merchant shipping carries 90% of international trade with 102,194 commercial ships worldwide The term shipping originated from the shipping trade of wind power ships
HISTORY
18691869-Suez Canal 1960-Savannah 1960 1970-1980 -Container Shipping Sector 1970 1989-Hong Kong 1989 2000-World Shipping Council 2000 2009-IMO 2009
REGULATORY BOARD
World Shipping Council Was set up in the year 2000 Headquartered in Washington, D.C. Headed by Chief Executive -Christopher Koch Its function is to lobby National Governments regarding container and cargo shipping regulation It develops draft standards on vessel air emissions and pollution
TYPES OF SHIPS
Container Ships Roll on/Roll-off Ships on/RollBreakBreak-Bulk Ships or General Merchandise Ships Combination Ships Lash Ships
CONCLUSION
Sustainable future of International Shipping Three main challenges in the current market are rising oil prices structural shifts in world trade the rising importance of the industry's social and environmental performance The recession had given the shipping industry a chance to look internally and refine its processes to be better prepared for weathering future crisis.
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