HTML Tutorial

INTRODUCTION
In 1980, a mark up language was

developed to create documents that
could be displayed consistently on
computers using different hardware and
Operating Systems. It was called the
Standard Generalized Markup
Language or SGML.
SGML is a general-purpose tool to

describe documents of any kind.
11/25/08 Web Development & Resource Mgmt. 1
HTML or Hyper Text Markup
Language is defined using the
Standard Generalized Markup
Language. It is a way of incorporating
text, graphics, sounds and videos all in
one document called as Web Page.
This document can be displayed using
Web Browser. It provides links to other
resources using hyperlinks.
HTML is based on two concepts:
 Hypertext:
It provides a way to create a link
between information in the same
document as well as in different
documents.
 Markup Language:
Markup refers to the special tags
that are a part of the HTML
document. These tags specify how
HTML: Behind the Scenes
HTML is composed of tags. HTML tags are always

enclosed in angle-brackets ( < > ) and are case-
insensitive.
Tags typically occur in begin-end pairs. These pairs

are in the form
<tag> ... </tag>
where the <tag> indicates the beginning of a tag-pair,

and the </tag> indicates the end. (The three dots
indicate an arbitrary amount of content between the
tags.)
11/25/08 The usual way
Web to refer&to
Development each
Resource tag is "tag" for the
Mgmt. 4
These pairs define containers. Any content within a
container has the rules of that container applied to
it. For example, the text within a "boldface
container" would be boldfaced. Similarly,
paragraphs are defined using a "paragraph
container."
Thinking of tag-sets as containers will help in

another way: it will help you remember that tags
should always be balanced. In other words, you
should keep containers nested within each other,
Benefits of HTML
 HTML is a simple but powerful language to
use. The simplicity of HTML allows anyone to
create Web Page.
 The web pages can be linked together using
hyperlinks and thus a user has to just click
on hyperlinks to get access to related
information.
 HTML also allows for the incorporation of
multimedia files in the HTML documents. If
the browser has
11/25/08 the &capability
Web Development Resource Mgmt. to play the
7
Structure of an HTML
document
All HTML files should include at
least these tags:
The HTML tag
The Head tag
The Title tag
The Body tag

The HTML Tag:
This tag defines the top-most element,
identifying it as an HTML document. It
has a start tag and an end tag and all
the other tags and text are nested
within it.
Syntax:
<HTML>
………
</HTML>
The HEAD Tag:
This tag contains information about
your HTML file. It may also contain
other tags that helps you to identify
your HTML file to the outside world.
The Head Tag is nested within the
HTML tag.
Syntax:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
……..
</HEAD>
</HTML>Web Development & Resource Mgmt.
11/25/08 10
The TITLE Tag:
This tag is nested within the HEAD Tag. It
identifies your page to the rest of the world.
The tag output is displayed on your browser’s
title bar but does not appear as part of the
page.
Syntax:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>
My First Web Page
</TITLE>
</HEAD>
</HTML>
The BODY Tag:
This tag is the compliment of the Head
tag and contains all of the tags, or
elements that a browser actually
displays as the body of your HTML
document. Both the Head tag and the
Body tag are nested within the HTML
tag. Body tag comes after the head
tag, they denote a separate part of the
Syntax:
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>
My First Web Page
</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
……..
</BODY>
</HTML>

The Following syntax should be
kept in mind while writing HTML
documents:
Each tag is enclosed in a < (left
bracket) and > (right bracket). These
special characters are what
differentiate the tags from ordinary
text.
There is an opening and closing tag
name for each tag.
Opening is Webdenoted by < >, for14
11/25/08 Development & Resource Mgmt.
 Closing tag is denoted by </>, for
example, </I> This is the closing
Italics tag.
 Closing tags may not be required for
some of the tags.
 Tag names are not case sensitive but
generally they are written in
uppercase so as to distinguish them
from the normal text.
 Tags can have attributes which have
values, for example: align=“center”
where align is an attribute and its
value is center. This attribute can be

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INTRODUCTION

In 1980, a mark up language was

SGML is a general-purpose tool to

HTML is composed of tags. HTML tags are always

Tags typically occur in begin-end pairs. These pairs

<tag> ... </tag>

where the <tag> indicates the beginning of a tag-pair,

Thinking of tag-sets as containers will help in

The Head tag

The Title tag

The Body tag

11/25/08 Web Development & Resource Mgmt. 8

11/25/08 Web Development & Resource Mgmt. 13

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