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Chapter 1 Outline
Introduction What is microbiology? Why study microbiology? First microorganisms on earth Earliest known infectious diseases
What is Microbiology?
Biology is the study of living organisms Microbiology is the study of very small living organisms Microorganisms are ubiquitous (they are everywhere!)
What is Microbiology?
Viruses are technically infectious agents or particles Germs are the microorganisms that cause disease Disease-causing microorganisms are technically pathogens Microorganisms that do not cause disease are nonpathogens
Microbes as Saprophytes
Microbial intoxications
Categories of Diseases
Kochs Postulates
1. A particular microorganism must be found in all cases of the disease and must not be present in healthy animals or humans.
2. The microorganism must be isolated from the diseased animal or human and grown in pure culture in the laboratory.
3. The same disease must be produced when microorganisms from the pure culture are inoculated into healthy susceptible lab animals. 4. The same microorganism must be recovered from the experimentally infected animals and grown again in pure culture.
Kochs Postulates
Koch gave a tremendous boost to the development of microbiology by stressing lab culture and identification of microorganisms
Circumstances do exist in which Kochs Postulates cannot be fulfilled.
Careers in Microbiology
A microbiologist is a scientist who studies microorganisms.
There are many career fields within the science of microbiology bacteriology, phycology, protozoology, mycology, parasitology, and virology.
Medical Microbiology Involves the study of pathogens, the disease they cause and the bodys defenses against disease. Concerned with epidemiology, transmission of pathogens, disease-prevention measures, aseptic techniques, immunology, and production of vaccines.