Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
CONTENT
Exercise
Medicine
INTRODUCTION
The thyroid gland or simply, the thyroid, in vertebrate anatomy, is one of the largest endocrine glands. The thyroid gland is found in the neck, below (inferior to) the thyroid cartilage. The isthmus (the bridge between the two lobes of the thyroid) is located inferior to the cricoid cartilage
THYROID
The
thyroid gland participates in these processes by producing thyroid hormones, the principal ones being triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).
These
hormones regulate the rate of metabolism and affect the growth and rate of function of many other systems in the body. T3 and T4 are
synthesize from both iodine and tyrosine.
DISEASES
Thyroid disorders include :hyperthyroidism hypothyroidism and roid nodules, which are generally benign thyroid neoplasms, but may be thyroid cancers.
thy
All these disorders may give rise to goiter, that is, an enlarged thyroid.
HYPERTHYROIDISM
Hyperthyroidism,
or overactive thyroid, is the overproduction of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4, and is most commonly caused by the development of Graves' disease, an autoimmune disease in which antibodies are produced which stimulate the thyroid to secrete excessive quantities of thyroid hormones.
Symptoms
It presents with symptoms such as a thyroid goiter protruding eyes (exopthalmos), palpitations, excess sweating diarrhea weight loss muscle weakness and unusual sensitivity to heat. The appetite is often increased.
HYPOTHYROIDISM
Hypothyroidism is the underproduction of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4. Hypothyroid disorders may occur as a result of congenital thyroid abnormalities, autoimmune disorders such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis, iodine deficiency ) or the removal of the thyroid following surgery to treat severe hyperthyroidism and/or thyroid cancer.
Symptoms Typical symptoms are abnormal weight gain, tiredness, baldness, cold intolerance.
Excessive
exposure to radiation of any kind should be avoided. Take balanced quantity of iodine in your diet. Avoid consuming too much soy. Consult to your doctor on regular basis. Say no to distilled water, it can filch essential minerals from your body.
Other foods not included in these categories -- such as peaches, strawberries, peach, peanuts, radish, tofu, spinach and millet -- also contain goitrogens. Patients with hypothyroidism should avoid the intake of iodine containing foods such as red food dyes, iodine in multivitamins and metabolic boosters, dairy products, shellfish, and processed foods that can block iodine absorption.
Regular exercise is very important. Early diagnosis and subsequent weight loss programmes are also important for overweight hypothyroid patients.
Levothyroxine is a synthetic (man-made) version of the principle thyroid hormone, thyroxine (T4) that is made and released by the thyroid gland.
GENERIC
Thank you