GPRS/GRX Training

GPRS/GRX Overview GSM vs. GPRS Network

GPRS Roaming Scenarios

18.03.2012

Circuit Switched Networks vs. Packet Switched

MSC

PSTN

BTS

BSC

GPRS Core
SGSN GPRS Backbone IP Network GGSN Internet

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GSM System Architecture

GSM elements MSC performs telephony switching functions of Circuit Switched System VLR HLR GSM and GPRS subscription data and routing information BSC handles transmission and reception of Radio signals BTS-interface to MS

MSC/VLR BTS
BSC

HLR

SMS-C

BTS
ISDN, PSTN

Other PMNs

BTS BSC BTS

OSS BGw R8

GPRS Network Management

18.03.2012

GPRS System Architecture

MSC/VLR BTS GPRS elements PCU Packet Control Unit SGSN Serving GSN GGSN Gateway GSN DNS Domain Name Server BTS BTS Other PMNs BSC BTS BSC HLR SMS-C

PCU

SS7

SGSN
FR Backbone

GGSN IP Backbone
IP Network: ISP Internet GGSN

SGSN

PCU
DNS root server NTP BGw R8 PXM

GPRS Network Management

18.03.2012

Call related vs. non call related Signalling

There is more and more SMS, MAP, CAP

SCP

VLR

Location updating

HLR

N MSR

ing provid

VLR
na l in t ation erfac e

Databases

non-circuit related signalling

Op tio

ro u t ing in

form

circuit related signalling

SGSN BTS BSC

GTP PDPcontext

GGSN
GT P PD Pc on

send

GTP related signalling cicuit

te xt

MSC BTS

Initial Address Message

G-MSC

PSTN

Switches

LE

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l tia Ini

MS

d Ad

TE

sM re s

g sa es

ISP

DCN

LE

MAP/CAP Procedures for GPRS

The relevant MAP procedures have been extended to suit GPRS:

MAP GPRS IMSI attach procedure

MAP Location update procedures

MAP GPRS detach procedures CAP CAMEL procedures

18.03.2012

GPRS SS7 Case Study

GPRS Location Update GPRS Authentication

18.03.2012

Case Study GPRS Authentication and Attach

Comfone
Sig System 7 1/2) Authentication 3/6) Location Update 4/5) Insert Subs Data IP/GTP PDP Context Activation 1. VSGSN (VLR) requests authentication from HLR (AuC) based on IMSI HLR sends authentication sets (n) SRES, RAND, Kc - to VSGSN for authentication (comp with SIM generated SRES) VSGSN sends Location Update to HLR

HLR
GT:42378382000 5365

Home Net: 4237x

Orange Li

STP
CSP1I

HGGSN GRX

VSGSN
GT: 41799901201 IP: 132.161.141.195

2.

3.

4.
5.

Since first LU HLR sends subscriber data

VSGSN acknowledges receipt of subscriber data HLR acknowledges Location Update -> GPRS device is in Attached mode
8

Visiting Net:
41799x TOGEWAnet
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6.

New Elements in GPRS System Architecture

GPRS elements: PCU: SGSN: Packet Control Unit - separates circuit data and packet data from each other Serving GPRS Support Node - forwards IP packets addressed to/from MS - session / mobility Management - connections to HLR, MSC, BSC, SMS-C, GGSN

GGSN:

Gateway GPRS Support Node - Interface toward external IP Networks (ISP, Internet) - contains access functionality like routers for security purposes
Domain Name System - Repository of all APN and their respective IP Addresses - web.SwissGPRS.ch => 10.7.2.1

DNS:

18.03.2012

GPRS Roaming will be of Importance from Start

Most operators are currently implementing GPRS networks. Many already launched national.
GPRS roaming is expected to be required from the beginning (similar to GSM roaming). Market Comparison:

GSM NW: ca. 400 worldwide

GPRS NW: currently ca. 150 NW mostly in Europe and Asia, ca. 120 NW have implemented GPRS Roaming IR Docs:

IR.33
IR 34 IR.35

GPRS Roaming in general

Role of the GRX IREG Testing

18.03.2012

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Pre-Requisites for GSM/GPRS Roaming

Legal link for contractual Roaming Relationship New Roaming Relations: bilateral IRA with AA.12, AA.13, AA.14 Existing Roaming Relations: AA.31 as addendum to IRA

Signalling link for SS7 Signalling between the PMNs GSM test cases IR.24/27 GPRS test cases IR.35 Data link for Data Transfer via GRX between the PMNs

CCITT# 7

IP

Billing link for transfer of TAP Files between the billing systems of the PMNs
TAP 3.2 required

EDI

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GPRS Roaming Interfaces

RD

IRA

RD

MSC A BS

SS7

MSC B

DCH

DCH

BS

BG

GRX 1

GRX 2

BG

RD MSC BS BG

: Roaming Department : Mobile Switching Center : Billing System : Border Gateway

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GPRS Roaming Agreements

Existing Roaming Relations Negotiate Addendum AA.31 to existing IRA Non-existing Roaming Relations Negotiate IRA incl. GPRS Services (AA.12-14)

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GPRS Charging, yes but how?

Different GPRS charging models under discussions: Volume time: attach, PDP context active monthly flat fee APN

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VPMN vs. HPMN Routing

Two roaming routing scenarios were defined:

ISP Roaming: direct routing within visited network (VSGSN-VGGSN) HPMN Roaming: routing via home network (VSGSN-HGGSN)

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Data Connections to all Roaming Partners required

A D B G C

n*(n-1)/2 dedicated links would be needed; with significant impact on network complexity and maintenance costs.

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One Roaming Connection to one GRX Provider

A
BG

BG

GRX

GRX Peering
BG BG

GRX

BG
BG

B
BG

DNS .gprs
DNS
BG

DNS

C
BG

GRX
BG BG

Comfone has peering agreements with all leading GRX providers Worldwide .gprs DNS administration

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Two main MS Procedures

Before sending IP packets, the MS must perform two actions:

MS attach
PDP Context Activation

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