SOCIAL STRATIFICATION

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Stratification? social stratification tends to be transmitted from one generation to another.

Social Stratification

It is the hierarchical arrangement and establishment of social categories that may involve into social groups together with statuses and their corresponding roles. Social Stratification may be viewed accdng to: 1. social structures 2. social process 3. social problems

Social Structure

It may be considered as the differentiation of statuses and social roles into ranked or a system of layered hierarchy of social relationship.

Social Process

It can be thought of as the division of society into social categories that develop into social group which are cooperating, competing, or conflicting with one another for the status or social change.

Social Problem

It involve the bitter feelings of discontent and of strong demands for equality or social justice.

BASIC COMPONENT OF SOCIAL STRAFICATION

The significant component of social stratification are the ff: 1. social class 2. social status 3. social roles

Social Class
It refers to a stratum or category of
persons who have similar socio-economic privileges in the society.

Social Status
Is the social standing of a person or a
group within a social class or in the entire social stratification system.

Social Roles
Are the expected or actual behavior
patterns that corresponds with a status. Are further made up of rights and privileges, obligation and responsibilities.

3 identification of social stratification

1. 2. 3.

Upper class Middle class Lower class

Upper Class
It consist of the elite families who are the most productive and successful in their respective areas, be it in agriculture, industry, business or government. 2 general types: 1. new rich( nouveau riche ) 2. traditional upper class

Middle Class
Education is the main indicator of social
status since majority of them have less personal property. Small business and industry owners and managers professionals office workers, and farm owners with income that provides a comfortable lifestyle class make up.

Lower Class
The farm employees, unskilled and skilled
artisans, service workers, underemployed and indigent families. Comparatively speaking, it has the largest number and live on a subsistence level.

types of Social stratification

Each type differs from the others in socialization, division of labor, and stratification which require and tolerate varying interaction and interrelationships regarding social distance, social mobility, class consciousness, and class struggle.

Class consciousness is the awareness of ones social class position as different from that of another. Social distances means a restraint in the social relationships of members of different racial or ethnic groups, social classes, or institutional roles

Class conflict is the struggle between social classes for more equitable distribution of wealth, power, and prestige. Social mobility refers to the movement of persons or groups in the social stratification system. 2 Types: 1. vertical 2. horizontal

FACTORS AFFECTING SOCIAL MOBILITY:

*changing labor market *increased geographical and horizontal mobility *changing patterns of fertility *education Social mobility, a continuous process, involves motivation, cooperation, competition, and conflict.

Social Institutions and Social Stratification

Social institution such as the family, school, labor
market, and government, exert the greatest influence upon societys stratification system.

Measurement of Social Stratification

1. the Evaluated Participation( EP ) is a techniques that assumes people within the community are conscious of the ranking system that develops therein and are able kto evaluate its other. 2. the Index of Status Characteristic(I.S.C.) Techniques that uses factors such as occupation, source of income,( inherited wealth, salary, wages, welfare payments), house type, and dwelling area.

Social stratification system in the Philippines

distinct social classes during pre-Spanish period: 1. the datus or chiefly class who were the decision makers and had absolute powers over the followers. 2. the maharlika or nobility class who accompanied the datus in the latters economic pursuits, raids social and religious activities. 3. the timagua or the common class who were characterized as the freemen. 4. the aliping( ayueg) or the dependent class who were the servile debtors.

Social statuses of rural communities in Luzon based on the access of the families have to land , the six status distinction: 1. medium landlords, small owners, owner farmers, and owner tenants. 2. small owners, owner farmers, and owner tenants. 3. tenants

4. laborers, agricultural workers, under unemployed and unemployed 5.the regular employed in nonagricultural occupations. 6. those who received a small regular pension from Korea, Hawaii, U.S.A..

2 subclasses of Filipino lower class: 1. cosmopolitan- it is made up of the typical city dwellers, laborers, minor clerks, drivers, etc. 2. provinciano- making up a highly mobile subgroup within the Filipino lower class are recent migrants from the lower area who are characteristically poor and as yet ill adjusted to city life.

Conditions in the Philippine stratification system that causes changes:

1. the guided remolding of the Philippines,
particularly its institutions, norms, and values. 2. the emancipation of landless tenants into small landowners brought about by the agrarian reform code. 3. growth in private business, transportation, communication, manufacture, commerce as well as local and international development movements.

4. The exodus of Filipino professionals to countries with opportunities for social mobility, such as the United Statet, Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. 5. greater autonomy given to local governments. 6. regional development as well as manpower development with a view of meeting the over all norm for national development. 7. the improved and reorganized taxation system.

AGGIES