Improving Bluetooth EDR Data Throughput Using FEC and Interleaving

Ling-Jyh Chen*, Tony Sun**, Yung-Chih Chen* *Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica **Dept. of Computer Science, UCLA

Introduction

Wireless communication is inherently vulnerable to errors.

Wireless channel errors are usually bursty and dependent in occurrences rather than independently/ identically distributed.

Some robust link layer transmission schemes are required.

Contribution

Adaptive Packet Type (APT) FEC coding Interleaving FEC (IFEC)

We propose three link layer enhancements for Bluetooth v2.0

The proposed solutions are applicable to other wireless technologies.

Outline
Bluetooth Overview Proposed Link Layer Enhancements Simulation Results Conclusion

Bluetooth Overview

The enabler of Personal Area Network (PAN) Low power, low cost, and smaller chips
Packet

Mode
DM1

FEC
yes

Size (bytes) 17

Length (slots) 1

Asymmetric Throughput (kbps) 108.8 108.8

DM3 DM5
DH1 DH3 DH5

yes yes
no no no

121 227
27 183 339

3 5
1 3 5

387.2 477.8
172.8 585.6 723.2

54.4 36.3
172.8 86.4 57.6

Bluetooth packet types

DH: Stop and Wait ARQ

DM: ARQ as well as FEC codes FEC coding scheme:
(15, 10) Able to

Shortened Hamming code correct single bit error in each block.

Bluetooth Enhanced Data Rate (EDR)

EDR does not provide FEC enabled packet types (ie., no DM series types)

Proposed Link Layer Enhancements

1.
2. 3.

Adaptive Packet Type (APT)

FEC coding Interleaving FEC (IFEC)

Enhancement (I): APT

Adaptive
T:

Packet Type (APT)

Determine

optimal packet type

Theoretical Data throughput

s: packet size/bits b: bit error rate n: packet length in Bluetooth slots

p: packet error rate

Enhancement (I): APT (Cont)

Enhancement (II) : FEC

Propose to apply FEC to Bluetooth EDR

Called

2DM1/3/5 & 3DM1/3/5 (15,10) shortened Hamming code that is able to correct single bit error Packet Error Rate :
( p: packet error rate, b: bit error rate s: packet size/bits )

Enhancement (II) : FEC (Cont)

Enhancement (III) IFEC

Wireless errors are mostly bursty in presence, previous techniques should be modified.
Burst Error Model (aka Gilbert-Elliott model)
Pbg Pgg

Good
Pgb

Bad

Pbb

1 Pbb Pg 1 Pbb Pgb

Pb

Pgb 1 Pbb Pgb

Propose Interleaved FEC (IFEC) coding

Called

DMI 1/3/5, 2DMI 1/3/5, and 3DMI 1/3/5

Enhancement (III) IFEC (Cont)

FEC coding

Interleaved FEC coding

Simulation Results

Gilbert-Elliott model: Pgb= 0.005, Pbb from 0.9 to 0.9999

FEC coding

IFEC coding

Conclusion

We proposed three link layer enhancement techniques (APT/FEC/IFEC) for BT EDR.

We verified the proposed techniques using simulation. The proposed solutions are applicable to other wireless technologies.

Thank you !