SOURCES OF ENERGY

VARIOUS FORM & SOURCES OF ENERGY

A) What is Energy?

Energy = ability to do work

Whenever work is done, energy is used.

B) Forms of Energy

Nuclear energy

Light energy
Sound energy Energy

Potential energy Electrical energy Kinetic energy Heat energy Chemical energy

Working energy Electrical energy Light energy Heat energy Sound energy Kinetic energy

Stored energy Nuclear energy Chemical energy Potential energy

1. Light Energy
Any object that gives out light possesses light energy. It is useful because: a) It enables us to see things b) It supplies energy to solar cells. c) It is used by green plants in photosynthesis.

2. Kinetic Energy
Kinetic energy is present in objects that are moving. The kinetic energy of an object increases when it moves faster. Example: A moving car, a flying bird & a swinging pendulum.

3. Potential Energy
a) Gravitational Potential Energy Energy stored in an object when the object is raised from its position. The higher the objects is from ground, the bigger is its potential energy. Example: i) A person climbing up a staircase ii) A durian on a tree

b) Elastic Potential Energy Energy stored in an objects that are compressed, stretched or bent. Example: i) A compressed spring ii) A stretched rubber band iii) A stretched cord of a bow iv) A bent ruler

4. Sound Energy

Sound energy is produced when objects vibrate. Sound can travel through solid, liquid and gases but it cannot travel through vacuum. Examples : Car and train engines A ticking clock Waves and wind Our vocal chords Musical instruments

5. Heat Energy

Heat energy flows from a region with a higher temperature to a region with a lower temperature. Heated objects give out heat energy. The Sun is the main source of heat energy. Other sources: burning of fuels or food, volcanic explosions, hot springs, chemical reaction

6. Electrical Energy
Electrical energy is energy carried by an electric current. A large amount of electrical energy can be produced by generators and power plants. Other sources of electrical energy : batteries or dry cells solar cells lightning

7. Chemical Energy
Chemical energy is energy stored in a substance. Examples : Fuels Food Batteries Green plants

8. Nuclear Energy

Nuclear energy is energy stored in the nuclear of an atom. Nuclear energy is produced when elements are broken down or fuse together. Nuclear energy is released in many forms. - Example: heat , light, sound and radioactive rays. Nuclear energy can be used for our benefits.

C) Sources of Energy
Solar (Sun) Wind Waves and tides

Sources of energy

Hydro Geothermal

Biomass
Fossil fuels Nuclear (radioactive)

A) Solar Energy
1. Solar energy is energy from the Sun. 2. Solar energy is used for: a) heating water b) producing electrical energy

B) Wind
1. Winds possess kinetic energy. 2. Energy in the winds is used for: a) moving sailing ships b) turning windmills c) turning wind turbines and dynamos

C) Waves and tides

1. Waves moving in and out from the seashore have potential energy and kinetic energy. 2. Waves can be used to turn turbines and the dynamos to produce electrical energy.

D) Hydro
1. Water stored in a dam has potential energy, and it has kinetic energy when it flows out. 2. In hydroelectric power stations, water is used to produce electrical energy.

E) Geothermal
1. Geothermal energy is heat energy obtained from deep in the Earth. 2. The steam is used to: a) heat houses and factories b) drive turbines and dynamos to produce electrical energy.

F) Biomass
1. Biomass energy is the energy obtained from plant and animal materials by burning them or decomposing them using bacteria..

G) Fossil Fuels
1. Fossil fuels consist of coal, natural gas and petroleum. 2. More than half of the energy used today comes from fossil fuels.

H) Nuclear Energy
1. Nuclear energy is obtained by splitting the atoms of uranium or plutonium. 2. The heat energy released is used to produce steam under high power.

D) The Sun as The Primary Source of Energy

THANK YOU!