Universit Abdelmalek Essaadi

Facult Des Sciences Et Techniques

Tanger
Dpartement Des Sciences De la Terre

Origine des mtaux lourds

dans les sdiments de la frange littorale
Kabila-Oued Laou :
Apport des minraux lourds
Prsent par:

Encadr par:

Mr Er-Raioui

Al Makkassi Fatima Ezzahrae

Ben Taher Amal
Anne scolaire : 2010-2011

Plan
Zone dtude
Matriels et Mthodes
Rsultats et Discussion

Zone dtude

Cadre gographique et gologique

Conditions climatiques
Rseau hydrographique
Conditions ocanographique et hydrodynamisme
Source de pollution possible dans la rgion

Cadre gographique

Cadre gologique

-Conditions climatiques
-Conditions ocanographique

hydrodynamisme

&

-Climat de type mditerranen

-Prcipitations spectaculaires tales
sur une courte dure.
-Vents soufflent du secteur N-E E-N-E
(Chergui)
-Marrs semi-diurne
-Hydrodynamisme contrl par les
temptes et les fortes houles

Cadre hydraugraphique

Bassin versant
d Oued Laou:
aliment par
Oued Talembote

Bassin versant
d Oued Martil:
aliment par
Oued mhajrate,
Chekkour et Oued
Khemis

Source de pollution possible dans la rgion

Materiels et mthodes
Analyses gochimiques
Mineraux
lourds
Granulomtrie humide
Granulomtrie mcanique
Morphoscopie

Analyses
sdimentaires
Metaux
Lourds

Minraux lourds
Minraux argileux
Mtaux lourds

Sdiment brut
Granulomtrie humide
Fraction fine <63m

Diffractomtrie X

ICP-AES

Fraction grossire >63m

Granulomtrie
mcanique

Minraux lourds

Morphoscopie

Courbes de frquences simples des sites tudis

Kabila

60.0

20.0

3.0

Martil

20.0

20.0

0.0
-2.0

Particle diameter

3.0

Oued
Laou

Class weight

3.0

Particle diameter (f)

Foum
lOued

t
Class weigh

10.0

10.0
0.0
-2.0

0.0Particle diameter
2.0 (f) 4.0

20.0

20.0

20.0

0.0
-2.0

30.0

30.0

40.0

0.0
-2.0

40.0

40.0

Class weight

60.0

Particle diameter

40.0

Capo
Negro

Class weight

Class weight

40.0

0.0
-2.0

60.0

Class weight (%)

60.0

Mdiq

0.0

2.0

Particle diameter (f)

0.0
4.0
-2.0

Particle diameter
0.0
2.0(f)

4.0

Courbes de frquences cumulatives des sites tudis

100

80

80

60

60

40

40

20

20

Mdiq

Cumulative mass retained (%)

Kabila

100

Cumulative mass retained (%)

0
-2.0

0
-2.0

Particle diameter (f)

3.0

100
Martil

Cumulative mass retained

60
40
20
0
-2.0

3.0

Particle diameter (f)

100

Oued
Laou

80

Cumulative mass retained

80

100

80

80

60

60

60

40

40

40

20

20

20

0
-2.0

0
3.0

Particle diameter (f)

Capo
Negro

3.0

Particle diameter (f)

Foum
loued

Cumulative mass retained

Cumulative mass retained (%)

100

0.0

2.0

Particle diameter

4.0

0
-1.0

1.0

3.0

Particle diameter (f)

5.0

La composition minralogique:
Agrgats orients

Composition minralogique:
roche totale

Elments Majeurs

Elments traces

Mtaux lourds
Kb

Mq

CN

Mar

OL

FO

Cd

198,92

173,41

160,76

171,75

193,88

144,91

Cu

37,58

27,33

27,02

38,32

59,614

35,97

Mn

589,83

868,19

509,61

732,14

835,05

941,92

Ni

307,58

635,62

265,24

307,09

387,29

420,30

Pb

183,45

122,23

107,93

90,46

113,45

76,49

Zn

176,13

79,01

68,92

85,52

87,07

78,36

Cr

222,02

228,90

170,40

180,26

208,25

218,88

Al

35990

27610

31900

42820

38560

39720

Fe

33530

31200

36720

40360

33830

35970

Mg

11640

13780

12900

14760

22360

19730

Rpartition des lments traces dans la fraction

fine
1000

Cd f
Cu f
Mn f
Ni f
Zn f
Pb f
Cr f

100

10

1
Kb

Mq

CN

Mar

OL

FO

Rpartition des lments majeurs dans la

fraction fine
100000

10000

1000
Al
Fe

Mg

100

10

1
Kb

Mq

CN

Mar

OL

FO

Mtaux lourds :
Simple
ou
Compos

Conductivit

Eclat
particulier

Mtal

Plasticit

Pouvoir
rflcteur

Emission
des
lectrons

Mtaux lourds :
Tableau priodique

Elments Majeurs

Elments traces

Comparaison entre les teneurs des mtaux lourds obtenus et

les valeurs guides

Kb

Mq

CN

Mar

OL

FO

Cd

198,92

173,41

160,76

171,75

193,88

144,91

Cu

37,58

27,33

27,02

38,32

59,614

35,97

Mn

589,83

868,19

509,61

732,14

835,05

941,92

Ni

307,58

635,62

265,24

307,09

387,29

420,30

Pb

183,45

122,23

107,93

90,46

113,45

76,49

Zn

176,13

79,01

68,92

85,52

87,07

78,36

Cr

222,02

228,90

170,40

180,26

208,25

218,88

Al

35990

27610

31900

42820

38560

39720

Fe

33530

31200

36720

40360

33830

35970

Mg

11640

13780

12900

14760

22360

19730

Les mtaux lourds

Les valeurs guides

Cd

0,7

Cr

52,3

Cu

18,7

Pb

30,2

Zn

124

Corrlations entre les lments mtalliques et les minraux lourds

Cd
Cd

Cu

Mn

Ni

Pb

Zn

Cr

Al

Fe

Mg

Zircon

Tr

Hor

An

Oliv

Epi

And

Gre

Disth

Aug

1,000

Cu

Mn
Ni

1,000(**)

1,000

,143

,143

1,000

,086

,086

,714

1,000

-,543

-,543

,086

,257

1,000

-,371

-,371

,029

,086

,943(**)

1,000

,257

,257

,200

,143

-,600

-,771

1,000

,143

,143

,486

-,029

,200

,429

-,543

1,000

,371

,371

,829(*)

,429

-,143

-,029

-,086

,771

1,000

,200

,200

,886(*)

,657

,086

-,029

,486

,200

,543

1,000

-,371

-,371

-,257

-,086

,486

,600

-,943(**)

,371

,029

-,600

1,000

,088

,088

,353

-,088

-,353

-,441

,794

-,088

,088

,618

-,883(*)

1,000

,203

,203

-,145

-,174

,580

,754

-,522

,377

-,087

-,029

,232

-,224

1,000

-,393

-,393

,655

,131

,131

,131

-,131

,655

,655

,393

,131

,270

-,266

1,000

,257

,257

-,314

-,829(*)

-,600

-,371

,029

,314

,086

-,371

-,086

,265

-,029

,131

1,000

-,123

-,123

,833(*)

,926(**)

,463

,309

,000

,216

,525

,741

,000

,000

-,063

,424

-,772

1,000

-,058

-,058

,551

,058

,493

,638

-,464

,899(*)

,609

,406

,232

,090

,529

,664

,087

,376

1,000

-,116

-,116

,058

,319

-,203

-,493

,841(*)

-,812(*)

-,406

,377

-,725

,537

-,485

-,266

-,406

,172

-,603

1,000

-,261

-,261

,580

,899(*)

,464

,203

,203

-,232

,116

,638

-,145

,045

-,162

,133

-,928(**)

,892(*)

,015

,529

1,000

,393

,393

,393

,393

,393

,393

,131

,131

,131

,655

-,393

,270

,664

-,200

-,393

,424

,399

,133

,399

Pb

Zn

Cr

Al
Fe

Mg

Zircon

Tr

Hor

An
Oliv

Epi

And

Gre

Disth

Aug
1,000

Lanalyse des composantes principales

Mtaux lourds :

Elments traces mtalliques

Reprsentent ensemble 0,6% du total

ETM
Concentration moyenne < 0,1%.

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