ZEU 1223 PROFICIENCY ENGLISH 2

TOPIC: GREENHOUSE EFFECT

MEMBERS: HANUN SYAMIMI BINTI MOHD. NASIR (3092006241) HELINAH BINTI MOIN (3092006871) JUNI BINTI CELLA (3092009491)

WHAT IS GREENHOUSE EFFECT?

There are two meanings of the term greenhouse effect. There is a "natural" greenhouse effect that keeps the Earth's climate warm and habitable. There is also the "man-made" greenhouse effect, which is the enhancement of Earth's natural greenhouse effect by the addition of greenhouse gases from the burning of fossil fuels (mainly petroleum, coal, and natural gas).

The greenhouse effect is a process where energy from the sun readily penetrates into the lower atmosphere and onto the surface of Earth and is converted to heat, but then cannot freely leave the planet. This can be sketched as follows:
Suns Radiation absorbed by Earth some reradiated to space as heat some trapped by the atmosphere.

Due to the presence of certain greenhouse gases that trap heat, like carbon dioxide, methane, water vapour and CFCs, the atmosphere retains the suns radiation and warms up the planet. By increasing the abundance of these gases in the atmosphere, humankind is increasing the overall warming of the Earths surface and lower atmosphere, a process called "global warming."

How Greenhouse Effect Works?

The sun radiation (infrared, ultraviolet and visible light) goes inside the green house Reflection from the surface Infrared does not escape Increases the temperature

 The greenhouse effect results from the interaction between sunlight and the layer of greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere When the Suns radiation reaches the Earths atmosphere, some 25 percent of the energy is reflected back into space by clouds and other atmospheric particles. About 20 percent is absorbed in the atmosphere.

 The Suns ultraviolet radiation is absorbed by the ozone layer, above the Earths surface. 50 percent of the Suns energy, largely in the form of visible light, passes through the atmosphere to reach the Earths surface. some of the Suns radiation that is absorbed by the Earths surface becomes heat energy in the form of long-wave infrared radiation, and this energy is released back into the atmosphere.

 Certain gases in the atmosphere, including water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, absorb this infrared radiant heat, temporarily preventing it from dispersing into space.

A Flow Chart
The sunlight passes through the atmosphere and the earth's surface absorbs it.

The land heated by the sunlight emit back the heat as infrared rays

The Green House Gases absorb this heat.

Part of this heat is sent towards the ground, and it heats the earths surface and the lower atmosphere again.

GREENHOUSE CAUSES
Deforestation
Increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. The emission of such gases by electrical appliances
gases are known as Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and are used in refrigerators, aerosol cans, some foaming agents in the packaging industry, fire extinguisher chemicals and cleaners used in the electronic industry.

 burning of gasoline, oil and coal Most factories also produce many gases which last for a longer time in the atmosphere. These gases contribute to the green-house effect and also the global warming on the planet. These gases are not naturally available in the atmosphere.

GREENHOUSE EFFECT
Global warming
The changes in the global temperature, brought about by the green house effect which is induced by enhanced greenhouse gases into the air. This can be termed as global warming.

 Global warming consequences: Changes in weather condition Impact on plant Impact on animal Impact on people Rising sea level

TYPES OF GREENHOUSE GASES

Water vapor Carbon dioxide Methane Nitrous oxide Fluorinated compounds

pie chart displays the percent of each gas which plays a role in the greenhouse effect.

WHAT WE CAN DO?

We must move to a carbon-free economy reduce or eliminate use of fossil fuels to limit damage in the future. Alternative energy sources such as wind, solar, geothermal, and tidal are needed.

 Without the greenhouse effect, the Earth would not be able to support life. But if the greenhouse effect becomes too strong, the earth will be too hot to support life. Even a little to much heat could hurt the animals, plants, and everything else on the planet. Without the gasses that surround the planet, heat would escape back into space, causing the earths average tempter to be about 60 degrees colder.

CONCLUSION
The enhanced greenhouse effect will result in significant changes in local, regional, and global temperatures. Some climate models predict that the buildup of atmospheric greenhouse gases will result in significant increases in the global mean temperature, ranging from 0.8 to 4.1 K from 1980 to 2030.

 At or near the poles, glacial and surface ice and snow may begin to melt, raising the mean height of the world's oceans by as much as 20 cm by 2030 and 65 cm by the end of the next century. This will lead to flooding of many low-lying areas of the world presently occupied by hundreds of millions of people.

 Scientists are also concerned about the response of living systems, including humans, to temperature increases of up to 4 K over a period of only several decades. There are many questions and uncertainties about the impact of a global warming on our planet and its varied forms of life. A better understanding of these processes and couplings will help to better estimate the environmental, economic, and human health risks from an enhanced greenhouse effect