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Objective of STP
The object of sewage treatment is to remove various contaminants present in sewage so as to produce an effluent and sludge which can be disposed of in the environment without causing health hazards or nuisance
Layout of STP
Location: Delawas Sanganer Jaipur. Project agency: Rajasthan Urban Infrastructure Development Project. Construction agency: Vatech Wabag Pvt. Ltd. Consultancy agency: Shah Consultancy Services. Project cost:20 corers. Project area:90 bigah. Process: Activated Sludge Process. Capacity:125 MLD.
Necessity Of STP
Causes health hazards & nuisance. Contains toxic compounds & heavy metals. Contaminates ground water through seepage. Causes health diseases like intestinal infection, cholera, diarrhea, dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid fever etc.
Task Assigned
To know briefly about the project. To know various units and their procedure. To understand the drawing. Supervision. Testing. To know construction mechanism. Safety measures.
Material Used
Cement: Sulphate resisting cement for water retaining structures and Portland cement. Aggregate: 20mm coarse aggregate & fine aggregate = sand. Plasticizers: SP-430 =0.6 L / 100 kg wt. of cement P211=0.3 L / 100 kg cement. Steel: TMT (Thermo Mechanically Treated) steel. Curing compound = Fortex Concure. Water cement ratio = 0.45
Formability. Corrosion resistant. Weldability. Overall economy. Ductility and fatigue. No residual stress.
Design Mix
Concrete M30 Water 22.5 Fine aggregate 72.5 Coarse aggregate 163.5 Plasticizer
SRC M25
22.3 21.5
71.0 77.35
165 169.10
Steps of Construction
Compaction of soil
Improvement of SBC
Hoop reinforcement
Plywood shuttering
Testing
Determination of discharge. Compressive strength of concrete. Sieve analysis. Slump test. Hydro test. Vicats apparatus test.
Hydro test
Grouting
Grouting is used to fill up the cracks in the water tanks. Grout mix:20 liters water + 50 kg cement + admixture. Water cement ratio = 0.45 Admixture: Cebex 100 {0.225 kg cebex per bag of cement }
Sand blasting is used to remove or scrub off the paint painted by the manufacturing company on the pipe surface. Sand blasting machine consists of compressor, hopper, pipe and nozzle. Sand used in the sand blasting ranges from 300 to 500. Pressure ranges from 200 to 400 mpa.
Pipe
Hooper
Nozzle
Checking
Bar bending and cutting are satisfactory. Bar spacing are correct. Bar assembly are rigid and adequately supported. Cover to bottom and side bars are correct. Bars are properly tied. Latest revised drawing is used. Shuttering is in plumb.
Checking
Weigh batch mixer calibrated. Approved design mix M30 is used for concreting. Vibrating is properly done. Concrete mix is homogeneous. Concrete slump checked time to time when concreting is going on. Concrete cubes are taken and marked with date, element and identification mark.
Control Panel
Instrumentation of this process includes instruments for control, operations, monitoring: . Open Channel Ultrasonic Flow meter for influent . Online magnetic flow meters of sludge flow measurements. . Ultrasonic Level Transmitters . Pressure Gauges . Dissolved Oxygen measuring system at aeration tank. . Sludge Density Measurement. . Temperature measurement at sludge digester . PH measurements at sludge digester
Inlet chamber
An inlet chamber is provided to receive the raw sewage. Four gates are provided.
Used to collect the water coming from inlet chamber. Four pumps are provided at the slab to lift the water to top channel.
Coarse screener
Fine screener
Grit chamber
Diameter of smallest grit particle to be removed = 0.1mm. Grit removal efficiency = 75%.
Parshall flume
Used to measured the discharge
Primary clarifier
BOD removal efficiency = 40% Depth provided = 4.0 m Retention time provided = 2hrs. Sizes =2nos.of 28.8m diameter.
Centrally driven
scrappers
Primary Clarifier
Steel plate
Aeration tank
BOD at inlet of aeration tank =180mg/l. BOD outlet =30mg/l. Oxygen provided = 8.52kg/day. It works on the basis of activated sludge process.
What is ASP ?
ASP = Activated Sludge Process. It is the process based on the providing intimate contact b/w sewage and activated sludge. Activated sludge is the sludge which is obtained by settling sewage in presence of oxygen so as to be enriched with aerobic micro-organisms. It has property to oxidize the organic matter in aeration tank.
Diffusers
Pedestals
Blower room
Size = 12.65 x 6.0 x 5.0ht. 5 nos. of blower and each of capacity 3540cum/hr.
Secondary clarifier
Peripheral driven
scrappers
Outlet chamber
1200 mm dia. Pipe is used for effluent discharge to amanisha nala. Testing chamber is constructed for testing the effluent water.
Sludge digester
Size = 2 nos 25.65dia x 6.0m. Retention in digester = 20days By anaerobic process methane gas will be produced.
Safety Measures
Helmet, gloves and safety shoes should be weared. During sand blasting person should wear mask and goggles. Barricading along the trenches. The construction site should be properly managed for storage of materials and equipment; and removal of scrap, waste and debris at appropriate intervals. Scaffolds shall be provided for all work that cannot be safely performed from the ground, or from solid construction or other equally safe and suitable provision should be made. Elevated workplaces should be provided with safe means of access and egress such as stairs, ramps or ladders.
Recommendation
Effluent can be used for ground water recharging. Systematic irrigation. Production of biological manure. Electricity production. Cooking gas.