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HEALTHY AGING

GOOD HEALTH ADDS LIFE TO YEARS

HEALTHY AGING DEFINITION AND GOALS


Healthy and active aging is a process to achieve physical, mental and social well being throughout ones life particularly in the later years

WHAT IS THE GOAL ?


Disease & disability free life with high physical & cognitive function and active engagement with life in old age

HEALTHY AGING IS A REALITY AND NOT A DREAM


Functional capacity like ventilator capacity, muscle strength & cardiovascular output increases in childhood & peaks in early adulthood, eventually followed by a decline resulting in disease & disability in old age.

Rate of decline however gets accelerated by negative adult life style factors like smoking, alcohol, lack of exercise, improper diet as well as by environmental & external factors; Hence this decline can be slowed down or even reversed at any age through the individual himself or the policy makers.

DETERMINANTS OF ACTIVE AGING


Behavioural: smoking, alcohol, exercise, diet, drugs Environmental: pollution, home safety, rural/urban

Socioeconomic: family,community ,income, literacy


Personal: biology, genetics, coping mechanisms Services: primary care, health prom. disease preven

IS PRESENT MINDSET CHANGING ?


Traditionally, elderly in India have come to accept failing health & dependency as a part of their old age, disengage from material life, practice spirituality and live in joint family.

With increasing life span, greater social & household involvement of elderly is happening but it is a challenge for Indian geriatricians to change their mindset so that they begin adopting healthy lifestyles & environment to eliminate risk factors and remain fit and independent.

HEALTHY AGING DETERMINANTS With Impact on Life Long Development and QOL
POSITIVE
Joint Family

NEGATIVE
Poverty & Abuse

Active Involvement
Physical Activity

Illiteracy
Double Burden

Vegetarianism
Spirituality & Relax

Insanitation
Inaccessible Care
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MODIFIABLE DISEASE RISK FACTORS

Cardiovascular: sedentary, obesity, lipids, BP, salt, diet, smok, pollut Pulmonary: smoking, environmental pollution Neurological: BP, smoking, alcohol, diet, depress,mental inactivity Diabetes: diet,sedentary, obesity Musculoskeletal: sedentary, obesity, hormone deficiency Gastrointestinal: low fibre, alcohol, poor oral hygiene Urogenital: BP, hormone deficiency Infections: under nutrition, poor skin care and no vaccination Cancers: diet, smoking, chewing tobacco Spl senses: sunlight, noise, diabetes, water fluoride, drugs Accidents : unsafe homes
K S Sunil. Primer on Geriatric Care. Pp 12-18, 2002

SUMMARY OF LIFE STYLE GOALS


Physical activity Healthy diet Avoid smoking Judicious medication Good oral hygiene Health screening Social involvement Mental activity Immunizations Hormones HRT Clean environment Home safety

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
Benefits: Physiological, psychological and social. if physical exercise could be dispensed as a pill, it could be the most valuable prescription to prevent diseases (Edward Staneley) Varieties: Aerobic, resistance and balance exercises. yogic, spiritual & exercise related to work, recreation, household and social interaction Duration: Brisk walk for 20-60 mts for 3-5 d/week morning walk better as he is fresh, walks with his whole body; in evening he walks only with his legs
1.WHO. The Heidelberg Guidelines. JAPA 5: 2-8, 1997; 2.Vinod Kumar. JAPA 6: 205-6, 1998

HEALTHY DIET
Low fat, low salt, adequate liquids, proteins, vitamins, calcium, micronutrients and high fibre, fruits and vegetables

Make them relish their food with good flavour, smell, colour, utencils and environment Frequent small meals, no overeating food left on the table does more good than what has been taken

SMOKING AND EXCESS ALCOHOL


It is never too late to quit smoking Consuming alcohol in excess is different from taking in moderation Scientific methods are in place to give up these addictions and to deal with problems of withdrawl

JUDICIOUS MEDICATIONS
Properly understand directions of their use Take with or after food unless told otherwise Get ingredients checked to avoid duplication Consult doctor to avoid unnecessary medicines Never hoard medicines you no longer require Do not share medicines with anyone

MISCELLANEOUS
Personal cleanliness and oral hygiene Bowel movements and sound sleep Avoid dust and pollution Home and road safety Specific tasks e.g.Screening, HRT, immunization Engagement with life is a must: A perpetual holiday is a good working definition of hell-Bernard Shaw Have a positive attitude: To me old age is always 15 years older than I am

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