INTRODUCTION

This case emphasis on the controversy over Islamic women's clothing that has rocked France since the mid-1990s, especially pertaining to the wearing of the scarf in French public schools. The debate raises questions as to: the place reserved for Muslim women;
the conflict between communitarianism and the French policy of minority assimilation; the frequent confusion of the terms Muslim, Arab, and Maghrebin in France; the realness of an Islamist threat to French society and the realness of "Islamophobia"; strict secularity in state institutions

Taraneh Assadipour accompanied by her daughter Shireen came to France leaving the constraint and rigour life under the Islamic code enforced in her home country. Taraneh a professional women who had fought to preserve women's right in her country and suffered all the consequences, had resigned herself to her daughters intransigence. To protest the new restrictions on clothing a group of urban women had called for a demonstrations on the International Womans Day March 1980. As expropriations and policy uncertainties contributed to deepen an economic downturn, unskilled immigrant were the first to lose jobs and many became depended on public assistance. Mohammed raised question about the influence of Islamic fundamentalist in France.

School authorities consider that wearing a scarf was tantamount to religious proselytism and thus incompatible with the secular nature of the French republic and its institution. E.g.:

oIn January, 1990, three girls were suspended from Pasteur Middle School in Noyon, a banlieue north of Paris.
oThe controversy over the Islamic scarf (hijab) sparked in October, 1989, when three female students were suspended for refusing to remove their scarfs in class at Gabriel Havez Middle School in Creil, France. Tarneh has tried to coax her daughter into removing her scarf during school hour, but no to avail. Later Tarneh decided to work with Houston,Teax who has been a leader in promoting multiculturalism in workplace.

SWOT ANALYSIS Strength Wholeheartedly embraced the Islamic code of behaviour and vehemently rejected any suggestion that they restricted womens basic right. Gender segregation had become a norm. Women were separated from men from all public places, in school as well as in city buses at cultural and sporting event, even on the beaches

After extensive questioning by stern & suspicious immigration officials, the mother and the daughter emerged into the crowded arrival hall, where Khosrow was waiting there,beaning
France changed from days when Taranch heartened the hallways of its venerable universities the number of immigrants from third world countries had risen and so had resentment against them.

Weakness

Like many other members of the secular middle calss,she had been slow to acknowledge the ominous signs of a new dictationship taking shape anticlerical publication were shut doven,peacefully demonstration were repeatedly and violently disrupted by young toughs.
Taranch remembered the fear that gripped her as the bearded young men lunged at her,chanting jah roossaries,jah toossaree(either scarf on the head or below to the head) Short buried transition period between the fall of the imperial tyranny and the consolidation of the new dictatorship, which had witnessed the blossoming of freedoms. Many women were forced to resign from their jobs in public & private institution as the expropriation and policy uncertainties contributed the deeper an economic downturn.

Opportunity She had left a lucrative job abroad to come home and help build the new post revolutionary Iran To protest these new restrictions on clothing a group of educated urban women, braving the rising tide of intimidation had called for a demonstration on International Womens Day March 8.1980. Question raised upon the national front of mayoral candidate and Islamic fundamentalists among several million Muslim living in France. The speaker of a rising Islamic tide lapping at the border the secular French republic & threatening its very foundation had become popular & entrenched image.

Threat Facing the arguments put forth by the fundamentalist ruler of Iran, the young girl denounced western attire as demeaning to women. The outraged citizen of our Islamic country spontaneously stopped a group of provocateurs remnants of the outed imperial regime & other counter revolutionaries from defiling the dignity of the Muslim woman. Denouncing the loss of national character, rising crime rates, unemployment and empty public offers, all allegedly resulting from the presence of immigrants & their offspring. Many rejected religious intolerance, they were widely viewed as the Trojan horse of fundamentalism

QUESTION & ANSWER

Ans 1. This argument contends that welfare rights are a necessary supplement to liberty rights because rights to freedom become hollow when their bearers are not able to take advantage of their freedom. Rights to be provided with certain goods are thus a natural outgrowth of a genuine concern to protect freedom. Throughout history there have been two competing philosophies of government.
One holds to the idea that sovereignty lies in the people and that people have inherent and inalienable natural rights that precede the formation of, or exist prior to, the establishment of government. This philosophy is called Common Law. The other philosophy teaches that sovereignty lies in an absolute ruler or body of rulers and that rights exist only inasmuch as such rulers grant them. In effect there are no rights, only privileges. This philosophy has a number of names but most popularly is called Civil Law.

Freedom of religion: forbidding Muslims to wear the Muslim veil to schools is interpreted as an attempt on the part of the authorities to impose their anti-religious views. This argument has been put forward by different Islamic authorities and organizations,and fuses in part the argument that this law is a form of segregation or discrimination. It has been pointed out that in France, Christianity benefits from multiple advantages (vacations and public holidays for Christian holidays, fish in school lunches on Friday, payment by the government of salaries of teachers working in Catholic schools, etc.)

Nevertheless, politicians in the United Kingdom have attempted to put into action a radical model for integration since the London bombings in 2005. Many anti-Islamic attacks have also taken place among the general populace. However, Tony Blair, after calling for the Muslim community to take more responsibility for extremist currents among its flock, has focused exclusively on legislative measures reinforcing the war on terror, avoiding stigmatizing the Muslim community.

Ans 2. The most debated point is over whether or not students have the right to wear the scarf in classes in public establishments such as primary and secondary schools, as well as universities. Meanwhile, the controversy has contributed to discussions of the principle of secularism, which is the foundation of the 1905 law of separation of church and state in France. The two principal positions that have emerged are: a complete preservation of the principle of lacit, considered an element of freedom. This is the position taken most notably by Jacques Chirac as well as by certain leftists as Jean-Pierre Chevnement. an abandonment of the principle of secularity for the benefit of total religious freedom, and for the recognition of religious communities. This Anglo-Saxon-based community model is defended most notably by Nicolas Sarkozy, as well as some leftists and certain Greens.

This debate has thus contributed in blurring the limits between the left and right on the traditional spectrum in France, and has revealed divergences on new political levels, especially between "republicans" (proponents of intervention by the secular Republic) and the "liberals" (in an older sense of the French term referring to those who support the liberties of the individual). To protest these new restriction on clothing,a group of educated urban women,braving the rising tide of intimidation,and had called for a demonstration on the International Womans Day March 8,1980 The "Anglo-Saxon model": outside the sphere of racism, forbidding the veil may also be considered a form of discrimination against Muslim women, the ends of which would be to deny them their specificity. Forbidding the veil is thus seen as a will to constrain Muslim Frenchwomen by the comparison of French legislation and mentality with what happens in Anglo-Saxon countries, where communities are accepted with their cultural specificity, which in turn enriches the nation

a number of young women who choose to wear the veil do it as a personal choice independently of any family pressure, sometimes against the trend of other women in their families, and in some cases, after other women in their families have abandoned the practice. It would only appear again when the French obligation presented an impossibility for these young educated Muslims to exercise their own free will. The veil controversy and its legislative consequences have revealed problems associated with the practice of the Islamic faith insofar as religion in French society and institutions (as opposed to the problems of integration of individuals). Partially fueled by the fear of a "communitarization" or "Islamization" of French society, the controversy has also fed off fears in certain sections of the Muslim community in France of "forced assimilation" and a slippery slope that would seek to ban more and more expressions of the Muslim faith.

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