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Group Members : SUMEET .S. NESARIKAR(2GI08EC105) SUPRIYA .C. KAGI(2GI08EC106) SUPRIYA DESHPANDE(2GI08EC107) SEMINAR GUIDE: Proff. D .A. Torse
Contents
Introduction to CAD tools Introduction to IE3D software Implementation of IE3D
Introduction
CAD stands for Computer Aided Design Microwave CAD softwares are software's that use computer technology to aid in the design, modeling, and simulation of an microwave product. There are many microwave CAD tools available till date. Two of such important microwave CAD softwares are:
IE3D
INTRODUCTION: IE3D from Mentor Graphics, formerly Zeland Software is the first SCALABLE EM design and verification platform that delivers the modeling accuracy for the combined needs of high-frequency circuit design and signal integrity engineers across multiple design domains. IE3D is an integral equation and method of moment based EM simulator. IE3D mainly focuses on general planar and 3D metallic structures in layered dielectric environments. It is extremely efficient, accurate and flexible for such structures.
IE3D can also model full 3D dielectric structures such as patch antennas with finite substrates and dielectric resonator antennas. IE3D is not just a simulation tool but also a design tool. It can do real-time EM tuning and optimization.
Implementation of IE3D
Ie3d
for antennas
We use polygons to describe the shape of an antenna or a circuit. Two terminals are involved in a port. However, you may only need to define one terminal for a port when you have an infinite ground plane serving as the reference automatically.
Double precision floating point numbers are used to describe polygon vertices. We can model arbitrarily shaped structures precisely on IE3D. There is no need to snap the vertices or the meshing to grids. Two polygons are considered to be electrically connected only when they have one or more common edges. Overlapped polygons are not considered connected. In case multiple polygons are overlapped. IE3D will automatically detect them. It will allow you to clean them optionally. In case you do not clean them on the layout editor, they will be cleaned automatically on the simulation engine.
Polygons (a,b,c,d) and Polygons (a,b,c,d) and (1,2,3,4) (1,2,3,4,5,6) are connected are not connected even they are because of common edge (b,c) or overlapped (5,6) 1 2 1 2 a b 6 a b d 3 c 5 4 d 3 4 c 3
Polygons (a,b,c,d) and (1,2,3,4) are not connected because of no common edge 1 2 b
c 4
Major editing window is the top view and drawing is on layers. A 3D polygon can be entered with some vertices on one layer and some vertices on other layers. Please understand that there are two layer systems on IE3D: (1) substrate layers defined in Basic Parameters. They are very critical because they are part of the structure. (2) metallic layers on the Layer Window on the right of the layout editor. They are not critical. They are just for geometry editing only. Many advanced editing commands allowing users to create and edit complicated planar and 3D geometry shapes.
Mouse driven editing on top view 3D View for display and 3D polygons entered as vertices on different layers
3 2 1 2 3 1
MGRID: Polygon based geometry editing with great flexibility in general shapes and details. Limited parameterization. The base of IE3D layout and geometry editing.
Functionality
Some simple editing commands for polygons and vertices. Change and setup of basic parameters and optional parameters. Basic parameters including substrates (top and bottom grounds), metallic types, enclosures, geometry entry grid sizes, finite dielectrics properties. Optional parameters control the default setups for geometry editing, simulation accuracy and efficiency. Handling vertex entry and manipulation. More and advanced editing features for polygons and vertices. Creation of pre-defined objects as polygons in one shot Define and edit ports. Define and edit optimization variables for EM optimization and tuning. Meshing, simulation and optimization setup, invoking other applications for displaying s-parameters, current distribution and patterns. Setup the 2D and 3D views. Accessing online help and the IE3D Users Manual with indexed vocabulary.
Polygon Handling:
Draw
Select Polygon
Mode Draw
Command Edit->Draw
Function Allow drawing vertices and polygons using mouse and keyboard Allow selecting a polygon by clicking at it.
Select Polygon
Edit->Select Polygon
Allow selecting a group of polygons by windowing them. Allow selecting a group of vertices by windowing them. Allow no mouse entry
Select Vertices
No Entry
Drawing:
Close the vertices for a polygon. Adv Edit->Build Path for building a path (final results in polygons). Adv Edit->Build Wire Path for building a tube like wire (final results in polygons).
Most related commands for drawing vertices are in the Input menu. You can select some polygons and do geometry modeling on them. Most related commands are in the Edit and Adv Edit menus.
Select
Vertices Mode:
You can select some vertices and move them to change the shape of a geometry. Most related commands are in the Edit and Adv Edit menus.
No
To select an edge, you should select the 2 vertices of an edge in Select Vertices mode.
Drawing
Layers:
Command
Port->Define Port
Functionality
Define a port by clicking at an edge on the current editing layer.
Port for Edge Group Port->Port for Edge Groups Define a port by windowing a group of linked edges on different checked layers. A 3D edge is selected if the 3D polygon layer is checked and all the layers its vertices on are checked. Select Polygon or Port->Selected Rectangles Define a group of connected horizontal rectangles (not necessary to Select Polygon for Horizontal Localized be completely horizontal with constant Z) as a horizontal localized Group Port port Select Vertices Port->Selected Edges for Define an extension port on a group of selected edges. An edge is Extension Port considered to be selected if both its vertices are selected. The selected edges must be linked. They cant be separated from each other. The layout editor will build necessary polygons.
Select Polygon or Port->Selected Rectangles Define a group of connected vertical rectangles as a vertical Select Polygon for Vertical Localized Ports localized port. Group Select Vertices Port->Selected Edges for Define a horizontal localized port between two groups of selected Horizontal Localized Port edges. The layout editor will build necessary polygons for the port
Define Port Port for Edge Group Selected Rectangles for Horizontal Localized Port
APPLICATIONS OF IE3D
Microwave circuits and MMIC. RF circuits, LTCC circuits and RFIC. Microwave, RF and wireless antennas. RFID tag antennas. HTS filters. Printed Circuit Boards. Electronic packaging and signal integrity. EMC and EMI. Many other low to high frequency structures.
Microwave studio
MICROWAVE STUDIO (CST MWS) is a specialist tool for the 3D EM simulation of high frequency components. CST MWS' unparalleled performance making it first choice in technology leading R&D departments. CST MWS enables the fast and accurate analysis of high frequency (HF) devices such as antennas, filters, couplers, planar and multi-layer structures and SI and EMC effects. Exceptionally user friendly, CST MWS quickly gives you an insight into the EM behavior of your high frequency designs.
MICROWAVE STUDIO
CST
promotes Complete Technology for 3D EM. Users of our software are given great flexibility in tackling a wide application range through the variety of available solver technologies CST MICROWAVE STUDIO is seen by an increasing number of engineers as an industry standard development tool.
design.
Conclusion
IE3D is a very capable EM simulation and Optimization package for both 2.5D and 3D antenna modeling. Its accuracy and efficiency are proven by wide range industrial verifications. The geometry modeling is extremely capable and we can not demonstrate all of them in this course note. Interested users should try to explore it from the users manual and using the software. More information can be found in the Zeland Virtual Training on the web-site. Full functional free evaluation license is available on the web site.
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