DESIGNING OF WIFI MAC TRANSMITTER USING VHDL

BATCH NO: A4
INTERNAL GUIDE K.CHIDAMBARA RAO Assoc.Professor Dept. of ECE Presented by: B.RASAZNA (08A51A0417) G.SRIRAM (08A51A0441) I.SIVAJI (08A51A0444) D.PRIYANKA (08A51A0426) B.SRINU (08A51A0418)

Abstract
The main objective is to design and implementation WIFI MAC Transmitter using VHDL. For the wireless communication in RF range IEEE 802.11 is one of the many standards available . IEEE 802.11b defines the Medium Access Control Layer for wire less local area networks.

 Wi-Fi MAC transmitter module is divided into 5 blocks I.e.. data unit interface block, controller block, payload data storage block, MAC header register block, data processing block. In this project, we are considering only two blocks i.e. payload data storage block, data processing block

Introduction to WIFI
Wireless Technology is an alternative to Wired Technology, which is commonly used, for connecting devices in wireless mode. Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a generic term that refers to the IEEE 802.11 communications standard for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). Wi-Fi Network connect computers to each other, to the internet and to the wired network.

IEEE 802.11 Architecture

Standard
Speed Range

802.11b
11 Mbps 100-150 feet indoors

802.11a
54 Mbps 27-75 feet indoors

802.11g
54Mbps 100-150 feet indoors

Frequency

2.4GHz, a band already crowded with cordless phones

5GHz, an un crowded band

2.4GHz, still a crowd of cordless phones and microwaves

Acceptance

Hot spots are already established using

More common in corporate and office

802.11g is compatible with the specs for 802.11b, meaning it can be used on a network based on b or g versions.

802.11b. Equipment is environments. readily available

Elements of a WI-FI Network

Access Point (AP) The AP is a wireless LAN transceiver or base station that can connect one or many wireless devices simultaneously to the Internet. They accept the wireless signal and relay information. They can be internal and external.(e.g. PCMCIA Card for Laptop and PCI Card for Desktop PC) Firewalls and anti-virus software protect networks from uninvited users and keep information secure.

Wi-Fi cards -

Safeguards -

WIFI MAC TRANSMITTER BLOCK DIAGRAM

Explanation:

The architecture contains five blocks 1.MAC Header 2.Data unit interface block 3.Data Processing block 4.Pay Load Data storage block 5.Controller block

 MAC Header:

Frame control Field: It controls flow of frames.

Duration /ID: The Duration ID is 16 bits length. It carries the association identity of the station that transmitted the frame . Address1: Always receiver address (i.e. the station on the BSS who is the immediate receiver of the packet).

 Data unit interface block:

It is to interface all the blocks in the architecture.

Control Block:
It control the functioning of all the blocks in the architecture.

Pay Load Storage Block:

It further divided into two blocks FIFO Data Length Counter

 FIFO:
Sys clk Sys rst FIFO Data FULL FIFO EMPTY

Data in
FIFO ENA

It contains the data to be transmitted. It acts as the synchronizing tool .

 Data Lenth Counter:

clk rst dtaena Max no DatLen cnt Dta cnt over

Data length counter module acts as counter.it simply accepts a Max Number and counts the data being transmitted .

 Data processing Block:

It is divided into three modules i.e. Serializer,HEC and CRC and they are discussed in details as shown below Serializer:
clk

S bit
sysrst srena data Serializer eoc

Various data selected at the multiplexer are serially obtained.

 HEC Module:
clk rst S bit hEC calena HEC HECover HEC out

This module produces the Head Error Check bits. It is the 16-bit error check bit.the HEC is calculated when the HRCCalEna is high

 CRC Module:
clk CRCout

rst
S bit CRC calena CRC CRC over

Figure shows CRC module the CRC is 32bit field contain the 32 bit cyclic Redundancy check.

ABOUT VHDL
What is the scope of VHDL? Why VHDL is used? Power and flexibility Devices- independent design ASIC Migration Benchmarking capability Quick Time-to-Market and low cost

ABOUT XILINX

Advantages
Mobility Ease of Installation Flexibility Cost Reliability Security Use unlicensed part of the radio spectrum Speed Low power consumption

Limitations
Interference Degradation in performance Limited range

Conclusion
Various individual modules of Wi-Fi Transmitter have been designed, verified functionally using VHDL -simulator, synthesized by the synthesis tool . This design of the WiFi transmitter is capable of transmitting the frame formats. The transmitter is also capable of generating errorchecking codes like HEC and CRC. It can handle variable data transfer