GIS IN AGRICULTURE

BY - ADITYA HOODA - 11001009091

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM

A GIS (Geographical Information System) can be described as a computer mapping and data storage system, in which data is tied to points, lines, polygons or pixels on a computer display

THE HISTORY
First developed in North America, particularly the U.S. and Canada in the mid-1960s Previously been used in natural resources and environmental research

GIS: OLD AND NEW

Traditional GIS

MAP

TYPEWRITER

MANUAL DRAFING TOOLS

New GIS
COMPUTER PLOTTER CD-ROM

THE NEED FOR GIS

the real world has a lot of spatial data

manipulation, analysis and modeling can be effective and efficiently carried out with a GIS
the neighborhood of the intended purchase of house the route for fire-fighting vehicles to the fire area location of historical sites to visit the earth surface for purposes of army

the earth surface is a limited resource

rational decisions on space utilization fast and quality information in decision making

GIS APPLICATION (I)

environment management of natural resources land, forest, marine, etc. monitoring/control of environmental pollution environment impact study infrastructure transport and irrigation management and maintenance utility management and maintenance electric, water, gas, telephone, etc.

GIS APPLICATION (II)

socio-economy town and country planning monitoring of population migration disperse of resources/services clinics, schools, etc military land form visualisation visibility analysis

BENEFITS OF GIS

improves/enhances the effects of physical/environmental growth better management of resources adding new value-added services perform analysis on spatial and non spatial components fast recall of data ability for complex analysis recalling of non spatial data through object location display of information in a different light/view multiple scenario in planning can be performed easily

Indian Agriculture

Agriculture Sector is changing the socioeconomic environments of the population due to liberalization and globalization About 75% people are living in rural areas and are still dependent on Agriculture. About 43% of Indias geographical area is used for agricultural activity Agriculture continues to play a major role in Indian Economy

INDIAN AGRICULTURE
Provides about 65% of the livelihood Accounts for 27% of GDP Contributes 21% of Total Exports, and Supplies Raw materials to Industries Growth Rate in production - 5.7% Food grains production 211.17 mt

INDIAS POSITION IN WORLD AGRICULTURE

Rank

Total Area Irrigated Area Population Economically Active population Total Cereals Wheat Rice Coarse grains Total Pulses Oil Seeds Fruits and Vegetables Implements (Tractors) Milk Live Stock (castles, Buffaloes)

Seventh First Second Second Third Second Second Fourth First Second Second Third First First

MILE STONES IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT

Green Revolution (1968) Ever-Green Revolution (1996) Blue Revolution (water, fish) White Revolution (Milk) Yellow Revolution (flower, edible) Bio-Technology Revolution ICT Revolution

DEVELOPMENT OF INDIAN AGRICULTURE : BASIC ISSUES

Improving Rural Credits Research, Education & Extension Human Resources Development Trade & Export Promotion Land Reforms Enabling Environment for higher Agricultural Growth

INFORMATION SYSTEMS REQUIREMENT IN AGRICULTURE

GIS/RS based Systems: Soil and Land use Watershed developments Disaster management Cropping systems Agriculture Resources Information Organic farming (bio-fertilisers) Crop weather watch

FIELD MAPPING
Position data (georeference data) recorded at predetermined intervals. Other data recorded manually or automatically by monitor, computer, or data logger. Data displayed by geographic information system (GIS) in thematic map format.

SOIL SAMPLING
Georeferenced soil samples can be collected Sampling Methods

Grid

field Directed sampling: intensive sampling of particular target areas

sampling: intensive sampling of entire

YIELD MAPS
Record of spatial yield variability within a field or farm. GPS data coupled with yield data to produce map.

Mechanically

harvested Hand harvested

Useful tool for decision making.

COTTON YIELD MAP

FIELD SCOUTING
Fields can be scouted for a variety of pests Pest populations recorded on maps Decision tools can be applied on a site specific basis

VARIABLE RATE CONTROL

Application rates designed for needs of small sections of a field GPS determines position of equipment in the field Computer controls use GPS data and prescription files to adjust rate

THANK YOU