Energy Conservation At Home

How Energy can be saved at Home

Solar Energy Wind Energy Biogas Energy

SOLAR ENERGY
The energy that is produced from sun is known as solar energy. The Suns energy comes from nuclear fusion reaction that takes place deep in the sun, where hydrogen nucleus fuse into helium nucleus. When such a reaction takes place then tremendous amount of energy is produced which is escaped into the space. About 15% of suns energy is absorbed by earths atmosphere, some part is absorbed by earths surface and rest is reflected back to space.

Use of solar energy for domestic purposes:-

Fig (1) solar cooker

Solar PV the basics

How do solar panels work?

Stand-alone Photovoltaic Systems (SPS)

1. 2. 3. 4.

solar panels controller battery appliances

Hybrid Photovoltaic Systems (HPS)

1. solar panels 2. inverter 3. battery 4. grid 5. appliances

Grid-connected Photovoltaic Systems (GPS)

1. solar panels 2. inverter 3. grid 4. appliances

Wind Turbine
A wind turbine is a device that converts kinetic energy from the wind into mechanical energy.

Types
Horizontal axis Vertical axis design

Twisted Savonius

Wind-Electric System Types

Off-Grid Wind-Electric Systems Wind-Electric System with Battery Backup Battery less Grid-Tied Wind-Electric System

Off-Grid Wind-Electric Systems

Wind-Electric System with Battery Backup

Battery less Grid-Tied Wind-Electric System

Biogas
Biogas typically refers to a gas produced by the biological breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. Organic waste such as dead plant and animal material, animal feces, and kitchen waste can be converted into a gaseous fuel called biogas. Typical composition of biogas Compound Methane CH4 5075% Carbon dioxide CO2 2550% Nitrogen N2 0 10% Hydrogen H2 01% Hydrogen sulphide H2S 03% Oxygen O2 00% A biogas plant is the name often given to an anaerobic digester that treats farm wastes or energy crops.

Types of biogas plants

The fixed- dome type of biogas plant The floating gas holder type of biogas plant

Floating Dome type Biogas Plant

An outline of fixed dome biogas plant

Detailed structural design of fixed dome biogas plant

Biogas Plant

20 m3/day Capacity Biogas Plant installed at IIT Delhi

Cooking for 16 Person

Mantle lamp (100 C.P.) 25-28 Hrs. 5 hp Engine for 1.5 Hrs. 10 Cattle or 6 buffaloes or 8 bullocks 4 cum gas/ day

100 kg. Dung + water equal

70-80 kg.wet Digested slurry Enriched manure

Electricity (5 Unit)

POSSIBLE APPLICATION OF BIOGAS

ON - OFF Gas Lock

Gas Regulator Opening screw

Venture Tube

Mantle

Clay Nozzle Glass Globe

INSIDE TYPE Lamp

Biogas Lamp for Lighting

Conclusion
We must all conserve energy and use it efficiently. Its also up to those who will create the new energy technologies of the future. All energy sources have an impact on the environment. Concerns about the greenhouse effect and global warming, air pollution, and energy security have led to increasing interest and more development in renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal, wave power and hydrogen.

THANK YOU