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Google's Android is an open-source platform that's currently available on a wide variety of smart phones. Android is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and key applications. The Android SDK provides the tools and APIs necessary to begin developing applications on the Android platform using the Java programming language. Based on the Linux kernel
ANDROID ARCHITECTURE
The software stack is split into Four Layers:: The application layer
Applications
Set of core applications including an email client, SMS program, calendar, maps, browser, contacts All applications are written using the Java programming language.
Application Framework
Access location information, run background services, set alarms, add notifications to the status bar, and much, much more. Build an application, including lists, grids, text boxes, buttons, and even an embeddable web browser Providing access to non-code resources such as localized strings, graphics, and layout files
Libraries System C library - implementation of the C library (libc) Media Libraries - based on PacketVideo's OpenCORE Surface Manager - composites 2D and 3D graphic layers LibWebCore - a modern embeddable web view SGL - the underlying 2D graphics engine 3D libraries - based on OpenGL ES 1.0 APIs; the libraries
use hardware 3D acceleration
FreeType - bitmap and vector font rendering SQLite - a powerful and lightweight relational database
engine
Android Runtime Includes a set of core libraries of JAVA that provides most of the functionality Runs in its own process, with its own instance of the Dalvik Virtual Machine The Dalvik VM executes files in the Dalvik Executable (.dex) Linux Kernel Acts as an abstraction layer between the hardware and the rest of the software stack. Relies on Linux version 2.6 for core system services such as security, memory management, process management, network stack, and driver model.
Features
Dalvik virtual machine optimized for mobile devices Integrated browser based on the open source Web Kit engine Media support for common audio, video, and still image formats (MPEG4, H.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, GIF) GSM Telephony (hardware dependent) Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G, and Wi-Fi (hardware dependent) Camera, GPS, compass, and accelerometer (hardware dependent) Rich development environment including a device emulator, tools for debugging, memory and performance profiling, and a plug-in for the Eclipse IDE
Intent Receiver
to execute in reaction to an external event(Phone Ring)
Service
code that is long-lived and runs without a UI(Media Player)
Content Provider
an application's data to be shared with other applications
WHY ANDROID??
Layer
This is a vote for the potential of Layer as much as the practical application. Walking around with your phone
As Layer continues to add new layers, and as camera and mobile processing power continue to improve
Layer can show you points of interest on a Google-type map
AnyCut
You can drop a lot of neat things on your Android home screen, but you can't quite get one-click access to everything in your phone's settings and extras You'll have access to the deepest guts of your settings, so switching 3G on and off, enabling location services, and other tricks are easy to pull off
Widgets you can add to your home screen for one-click system rescuing. Killing processes and apps willy-nilly can turn off alarms, kill background syncing, and have other unintended consequences.
ASTRO File Manager does a great job of letting you navigate files on your SD card and accessible internal memory, sure, but it also has its own built-in task killer, backs up applications, can send files as email attachments
Slide Screen
You use your Android Smartphone differently than your desktop computer Slide Screen replaces, or just augments, if you'd like, your phone's home screen, creating row after row of messages and feeds. Slide the center info bar up and down to look at more or less of your items, swipe to the right to dismiss items as read, and revel in having all your data on hand at once. Giving you 8 slots to put your most frequently accessed apps
Google-android-phone-prototype
Samsung-galaxy-vs-htc-magic
hkc-pearl-pda-phone-wm6
Market Research
The Android OS has knocked Apple and RIM(Blackberry) to take the top slot. As of the second calendar quarter of 2011, Apple was selling around 367,000 iOS devices a day and a half-million Android devices were being activated each day. NPD says first quarter sales ::Android has 28% while Apple has 21%. Not only are Android-powered devices now outselling iPhone but theyre also now beating BlackBerry, making Android the top selling mobile OS during the second quarter in the U.S. NPD has the race at Android 33%, RIM 28%, and Apple 22% for the period
Conclusion
Android is open to all: industry, developers and users Participating in many of the successful open source projects Aims to be as easy to build for as the web. Google Android is stepping into the next level of Mobile Internet