Analysis of Fisheries Problem: Conceptualization, Tools and Techniques

How best policies can go astray?

Sustainable fishing Increasing production Poverty reduction Export promotion Reduce fishing effort Conflict Increase fishing effort Small-scale centric Capital intensive

Conflict

The sunken billion

100
Collapsed

80 Relative status (%)

Fully exploited Developing

Overfished

60

40
Undeveloped

20

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

What is conceptualizing?
Conceptualization refers to the articulation of thoughts, ideas, or hunches and the representation of these in some objective form.

Policy solutions can vary depending on how a problem is conceptualized. It is now becoming increasingly debating in international fish trade negotiations

Approaches to fisheries management

Fishery Science => Resource, Activity

Human Science => Resource, activity, Actor System Approach => Physical Biosphere, Social Sphere

Steps of conceptualization
Preparation : getting details on the issue, defining purpose. Generation : brainstorming, causal analysis.

Structuring: Clubbing of causes.

Representation: Mapping of causes. Interpretation: Explaining the map. Preparation of statement/ note.

An example
Country X has a coastline of abc km and fishing is carried out all along the coastline. The fisheries is multispecies fishery and fishers are mostly poor and illiterate. There are N number of fishing vessels in the country and only M number of fishing vessels are registered (m<n). The shipping department is responsible for registration and the coast guard for checking of registration certificate. In recent years the number of fishing vessels has increased from N50 to N100. Some commercially important fish stocks are depleted and CPUE is going down. There was some unsuccessful registration programmes conducted earlier.

Country X
Fishing is carried out all along the coastline. (SCALE) Multispecies fishery (TYPE) Fishers poor and illiterate. (ATTRIBUTE of ACTORS) Registered M (M<N). (SYSTEM FAILURE) Shipping department and the coast guard. (CAPACITY) Recent years. (LACK of Information) Fishing vessels has increased (WHO is supplying?) Stocks and CPUE is going down. (STATE) Unsuccessful registration. (UNPLANNED

Defining purpose Purpose Alternative purpose To rebuild fish stocks To register fishing vessels

Generation
Purpose: To rebuild fish stocks Programme for rebuilding fish stocks Purpose: To register fishing vessels Programme for registering fishing vessels Awareness drive on registration Recruiting more manpower

Control entry
Artificial methods

Seasonal ban
Fishing holiday

Frequent check by coast guard Law on banning entry for unregistered fishing vessels Simplifying registration

Quota

Structuring
Purpose: To rebuild fish stocks Programme for rebuilding fish stocks Purpose: To register fishing vessels Programme for registering fishing vessels Awareness drive Recruiting more manpower Frequent checks Law on banning entry for unregistered fishing vessels Simplifying registration

Control entry
Artificial methods

Seasonal ban Fishing holiday

Quota

Representation
Regis tration
M no. Registered. N no. of boats

Fishers are poor and illiterate Illiterate: awareness programme

New boats can fish without registration. Boats increased from N50 to N100 (Period?)

Need data on period

Need data on ownership

Simplifying registration process

Poor and new boats: who is supplying the boats?

Going deeper: Causal analysis

Observe & Record Formulate Analyze
Filter I (Biological) Filter II (Economic) Filter III (Institutional) Filter IV () Filter V
LIMITED BY AVAILABILITY OF HUMAN RESOURCE AND FUNDING AND CONDITIONAL TO INITIAL OBSERVATIONS

Weak MCS Pseudo rights Pollution Margina lization Excess fishing effort Lack of alternatives

Over Exploitation

Capitalization Subsidy

Juvenile catch

Climate Change?

Setting Objectives and Goals

Sustainability Condition:
Benefit = Cost for all stakeholders Best framed when broad-base consultation and scientific evidences are taken into account. Should take precautionary approach

How policies can NOT go astray?

Sustainable fishing Increasing production Poverty reduction Export promotion
Reduce fishing effort Increase fishing effort
Rules on distribution of fishing effort

Small-scale centric Capital intensive

Ensuring access to credit

Thank you!