Submitted by:Amanat Dabla 6308202,C1 IT ,final yr.

Neeru 6308851,C1 IT ,final yr.

XML based Language Emphasis, Alignment, Tables Buttons (Navigation mechanisms) Actions Variables Script Images - WBMP & local & alternate text

WAP is a collection of protocols aimed at providing a captive, restricted form of WEB for mobile phones and other devices such as Palms. The wireless application protocol itself is a series of lower layer protocols that replace the TCP/IP layer and some of HTTP layer to better suit the wireless transport characteristics. The WAP devices, such as phones, include a micro-browser that has both more and less functions than a WEB browser. On the content side WEB servers are standard, perhaps needing only the addition of a MIME type for WML. There is a WAP specific work done in the gateway. The content is not provided in HTML, but in a specific Wireless Markup Language - WML. Because of the very limited screen real estate, instead of pages, the content is a card which is much smaller, but are actually delivered in small decks of related cards.

Deck

WML Content

HTTP

Browser

Server

Gateway WAP WAP IP

WEB

Identity Compilation Size restriction Speed Limit of size of the WEB accessible

gateway
Compress +Security cookies

Captive WEB

wireless

The WAP Forum group have reinvented many of the protocol layers to be more efficient and applicable to the limited capabilities of the WAP devices like phones and data quality of the link. In some cases within the stack they have reused existing standards.

Wireless Datagram Protocol (WDP): Moves single packets to and from the phone. This is the lowest level layer defined by WAP. It is implemented on whatever suitable mechanism is available on the underlying network. For TCP/IP networks, it maps directly to UDP packets. Wireless Transaction Protocol (WTP): Implements a single request-response pair between phone and gateway. The request may be for a new page, or it may be something related to the higher level protocols.
Wireless Session Protocol (WSP): Takes care of handling actual requests for pages. Sessions are used to optimise bandwidth usage. WBCF: Is the compiled form of the WML and WMLScript.

Wireless Markup Language WAP Binary XML Content Format Wireless Session Protocol (incl. HTTP1.1) Wireless Transaction Protocol Wireless Transport Layer Security Wireless Datagram Protocol (or UDP) Bearers - CDMA,SMS

HTML

HTTP TCP

IP

Micro Browser (WML, WMLScript, WTA, WTAI)

Runs on top of WDP Provided lightweight X-oriented service Unreliable 1-way request Reliable 1-way/2-way req./response

Lightweight SSL Uses WIM/PKICards

Datagram service on different bearers Convergence between bearer services

Different Wireless Tech.

Optimized for wireless devices. Minimal RAM, ROM, Display, CPU and keys. Provides consistent service UI across devices. Provides Internet compatibility. Enables wide array of available content and applications. Opera browser , Palmscape , Microsoft explorer 2.0 .

<wml>

<card

id="login" title="login"> <onevent type="onenterbackward"><prev/></onevent> <do type="accept" label="outbox" optional="false"> <go href="#outbox"/> </do> <p><img localsrc="outbox" src="" alt=""/> To:<input name="email" emptyok="false" maxlength="128" format="*a\@*a"/><br/> Password: <input name="pwd" type="password" maxlength="32" format="*N"/></p></card> <card id="outbox" title="Outbox" ontimer="#send"> <onevent type="onenterbackward"><prev/></onevent> <timer name="thinktime" value="100"/> <do type="accept" label="send"><go href="#send"/> </do> <p>Send '$(pwd)' to $(email)?</p></card> <card id="send"> <onevent type="onenterforward"> <go href="http://mango/cgi-bin/wap-sendemail.sh?$(email)"/></onevent> <onevent type="onenterbackward"><prev/></onevent> <p>Failed to send to $(email).</p></card> </wml>

Tag-based browsing language:

Screen management (text, images) Data input (text, selection lists, etc.) Hyperlinks & navigation support

Content (XML)

Takes into account limited display, navigation capabilities of devices XML-based language
describes only intent of interaction in an abstract manner presentation depends upon device capabilities

XSL Processor
WML Stylesheet HTML StyleSheet

Cards and Decks

WML Browsers

HTTP Browser

document consists of many cards User interactions are split into cards Explicit navigation between cards cards are grouped to decks deck is similar to HTML page, unit of content transmission

Events, variables and state mgmt

The basic unit is a card. Cards are grouped together into Decks Document ~ Deck (unit of transfer) All decks must contain Document prologue XML & document type declaration <WML> element Must contain one or more cards

WML File Structure

<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE WML PUBLIC "-//WAPFORUM//DTD WML 1.0//EN" "http://www.wapforum.org/DTD/wml.xml">

<WML> ... </WML>

 Setting
Using Using

card styles to create forms

variables to cache user data

card intrinsic events to trigger transparent tasks timers WML decks decks

Using

Securing

Bookmarking

 Screen

size, resolution, colour Input devices Bandwidth Deck size

 More

bandwidth (3G wireless) GPRS - General Packet Radio Service UMTS - Universal Mobile Telecom System User Agent Profiles Security Location determination Local services/always on

Books

Mobile communications: Jochen Schiller, Addison Wesley 2000 Understanding WAP: www.wapforum.org

Official Website (specifications)

Technical/Developer Info and tools
www.palopt.com.au/wap www.wap.net www.nokia.com/wap www.ericsson.se/wap phone.com www.wapgateway.org (Kannel WAP gateway project)

Major players

OpenSource effort

INFOSYS Pvt. Limited and N.R. Narayana Murthy Vision And Mission : Infosys Technologies Limited 2004 Vision And Mission Vision To be a globally respected corporation that provides best-of-breed business solutions, leveraging technology, delivered by best-inclass people." Mission "To achieve our objectives in an environment of fairness, honesty, and courtesy towards our clients, employees, vendors and society at large." Introduction to Infosys : Infosys Technologies Limited 2004 Introduction to Infosys Infosys Technologies Ltd. was started in 1981. Today, it is a global leader in the "next generation" of IT and consulting. Infosys defines, designs and delivers technology-enabled business solutions that help Global 2000 companies win in a Flat World. Infosys serves the client globally and is one of the pioneers in strategic offshore outsourcing of software services

Key Success Factors : Infosys Technologies Limited 2004 Key Success Factors Sound Management Skills Nurturing Working Atmosphere Commitment To Values, Speed ,Imagination and Excellence Personnel Management Infrastructure