By: Dr Afroz Nazmi Dr Sunaina Soni Shrishti Agarwal Dr Neha khanduja Dr Shweta Sahu

Nicotine dependency
Nicotine is the main element of tobacco and is highly

addictive After reaching the blood stream it enters the brain intersects with specific receptors in the brain and initiates metabolic and electrical activity in the brain Nicotine has a characteristic withdrawal syndrome that includes craving for nicotine, irritability, frustration, anger, difficulty in concentrating, restlessness, decreased heart rate, increased appetite and weight gain

As Per WHO
The World Health Organization(WHO) states that

"Much of the disease burden and premature mortality attributable to tobacco use disproportionately affect the poor". Of the 1.22 billion smokers, 1 billion of them live in developing or transitional economies. Rates of smoking have leveled off or declined in the developed world In the developing world, tobacco consumption is rising by 3.4% per year as of 2002; however, this figure could just be as high as the population growth.

Types of tobacco use

Smoked tobacco in India

bidis Cigarettes Cigars hukka Chillum Khaini Gutkha Paan with tobacco Paan masala Mawa Dry snuffs

Smokeless tobacco

Health hazards of tobacco

Cancers
Oral Oesophageal

Lung cancer
COPD Heart problems Impotency Pregnancy complications

SMOKING-RELATED DISEASE IMPACT

Mortality from Cancer, Respiratory and Circulatory

Disease

Trachea, lung, and bronchus cancer Lip, oral cavity pharynx cancer Respiratory disease Ischemic heart disease Stroke Other diseases of the circulatory system

Prevalence in India
Tobacco use is a leading cause of death

among Indians aged 30-69; 20% of all male deaths in this age group are caused by smoking alone.
...an estimated 120 million Indians smoke...57% of

men and 11% of women aged 15-49 consume some form of tobacco, smoked or non-smoked. Smoking is expected to kill nearly 1 million Indians by the early 2010s.

Government control measures

Tobacco control legislation: the cigarettes and other tobacco products act,2003 passed by the parliament in april,2003

MAIN PROVISIONS OF THE ACT Prohibition of smoking in public places. Implement from 2, Oct, 2008.in the whole of India. Prohibition of advertisement, sponsorship and promotion of tobacco products. Prohibition of sale of tobacco products near educational institutions Regulation of health warning in tobacco products packs. Regulation of tar and nicotine contents of tobacco products.

Taxation is one of the most effective ways to counter tobacco consumption.

Raising bidi taxes to Rs 98 per 1000 sticks would add

Rs 36.9 billion to tax revenues and prevent 15.5 million current and future smokers dying prematurely; increasing cigarette taxes to Rs 3691 per 1000 sticks would further add Rs 146.3 billion to tax revenues and prevent 3.4 million premature deaths.

National tobacco control prog.

The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare launched the pilot phase of the National Tobacco Control Programme in 2007-08 in 9 states of the country covering 18 districts. In 2008, it has been upscaled to 42 districts across 21 states. The main components of the NTCPiii are: Setting up of State Tobacco Control Cells District tobacco control programme: - Training and capacity building of enforcement officials - Monitoring and implementation of tobacco control laws - Launching an IEC/media campaign - Cessation centresat district levels - School health and awareness programmes National level mass awareness campaigns Establishment of tobacco product testing labs Research and training Monitoring and evaluation, including Adult Tobacco Survey (ATS) Setting up of National Regulatory Authority (NRA)

Psycho-Social and envt impact of tobacco second hand smoking i.e passive smoking. use It includes
Children whose parents smoke are twice as likely to

start compared to those with non-smoking parents Each year nearly 600 million trees are destroyed to provide fuel to dry tobacco. Put in another way one tree is destroyed for every 300 cigarettes. Tobacco is particularly potassium-hungry, absorbing up to six times as much as other crops, leaving soil in poor condition for essential food and cash crops. Modern cigarette manufacturing machines use more than six kilometres of paper per hour. 8

ST 31

MAY ANTI TOBACCO DAY

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