BRUSHLESS EXCITATION SYSTEM

Main components

PILOT EXCITER

RECTIFIER WHEEL AVR

Main Exciter
Rotor

Stator
Magnetic poles Slip rings for ground fault detection Bearing housing

Ground fault detection

This system consists of two slip rings mounted on the main shaft for high resistance and low resistance ground fault. o If fault is of low intensity and resistance detected by slip ring is <80k ohm then only alarm will be initiated. o If fault is of high intensity and resistance detected by slip rings is <5k ohm then generator will be tripped on electrical protection.

Pilot Exciter
Stator 2. Permanent magnet rotor 3. Stator winding
1.

Rectifier wheels
1.

2.
3. 4. 5. 6.

Rectifier wheel Three phase lead Heat sink Diode Fuse Multikontact plug in-bolt

EXCITATION CONTROL DURING STARTUP AND SHUTDOWN

STARTUP 1. EXCITATION AND VOLTAGE CONTROL LOOP ARE NOT NECESSARY BELOW .95 RATED SPEED 2. AT LOW SPEEDS GENERATOR AND UNIT TRANSFORMER WILL GET SATURATED. 3.SPEED DETECTION IS BY SPEED PROPORTION AL VOLTAGE OF THE AUX EXCITER .IN ADDITION ,A REDUNDANT CRITERION N<2790 min IS ALSO AVAILABLE FOR SPEED LIMIT MONITOR. 4.THE FIELD BREAKER IS CLOSED MANUALLY OR THROUGH FUNCTIONAL GROUP CONTROL SYSTEM AFTER 95% SPEED HAS BEEN ACHIEVED. IF THE FIELD BREAKER IS CLOSED AND SPEED LIMIT HAS REACHED THEN THE PULSE BLOCKING SIGNAL TO GATE CONTROL SET DISAPPEAR,THE RAMP

EXCITATION CONTROL DURING STARTUP AND SHUTDOWN

FUNCTION GENERATOR RUNS UP THUS INCREASING THE GENERATOR EXCITATION, PROVIDED THAT AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR HAS BEEN SELECTED.

SHUTDOWN
WHEN THE SPEED FALLS BELOW 2790/MIN FOLLOWING COMMANDS WILL BE ISSUED: 1.FIELD BREAKER OFF COMMAND 2.PULSE BLOCKING SIGNAL TO GATE CONTROL UNIT 3.RUN DOWN COMMAND TO RAMP FUNCTION GENERATOR.

DE-EXCITATION
DE- EXCITATION COMMAND COMES EITHER FROM GENERATOR PROTECTIVE SYS OR FROM FIELD BREAKER OFF FROM CONTROL ROOM RELAY K12/K22 ENERGISES START TIME DELAY RELAY K13/K23 FOR .5S RELAY K12/K22 DRIVE THE THYRISTOR SET TO INVERTER MODE I.E BRINGING DOWN THE VOLTAGE AND CURRENT TO ZERO IN LESS THAN .5S RELAY K13/K23 WILL SWITCH ON THE FIELD DISCHARGE CONTACTOR K14/K24 AND BRING FIELD DISCHARGE RESISTORS IN PARALLEL TO FIELD WDG OF THE MAIN EXCITER AND TRIP FIELD BREAKER VIA ITS TRIPPING COIL. THE FIELD BREAKER AUTOMATICALLY TRIPPED BY SPEED CRITERION IF IT DID NOT TRIP BY INVERTOR OPERATION MODE.

R8
R1=BASE REFERENCE VALUE=0.85

Matching

R2=BAND WIDTH OF SET POINT ADJUSTER

C2 + N7 (-)

R7

SETPOINT GEN VOLTS FROM SET POINT ADJUSTER

R4
+1 N1 R2
+10V

(+) (+)

+ N4

(-)

+ N8
LIM OF POS OUTPUT (INVERTER OPER)

(-)
R9 + +

Gate control set auto +10V

R1

Field suppressio

R5= dynamic prop. gain R6= derivative time constant

R5 C1

N9
LIM OF NEG OUTPUT (RECTIFIER OPER)

100

R10 -10V

K2

GEN VOLTS ACTUAL

R3

+ N2 +
N3

(-) -1 + N6

R6 + N5

100

N10 R11 N12

Field Forcing limitation Field current actual (-)

N11 (+)

LIMITORS/COMPENSATORS INFLUENCE

Limitation set point

Ramp function generator

AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR

THE POTENTIOMETER R1 IS FED FROM +10 VOLTS STABILISED SOURCE PRESET THE BASE REFERENCE VALUE;THE STANDARD CORRESPONDING 85%RATED VOLTAGE.SET POINT ADJUSTER PROVIDE 0-20% I.e. 85-105% RANGE.THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF THE AMPLIFIER N2 IS 8.0 VOLTS FOR RATED GENERATOR VOLTAGE COMPARISION OF SET POINT AND ACTUAL VOLTAGE TAKES PLACE AT INPUT OF AMPLIFIER N4. THE OUTPUT OF THE AMPLIFIER N3(THIS IS A SUMMING AMPLIFIER WHICH ADDS EFFECT OF UNDER/OVER EXCITATION AND REACTIVE CURRENT EFFECT) IS ALSO SWITCHED ON AT THE INPUT OF N4. N4 IS PROPORTIONAL & N7 IS INTEGRAL AMPLIFIER A CASCADE OF N4,N7&A FOLLOWING EXCITION REGULATOR(AMPLIFIER N14,N15) PROVIDE DYNAMIC SET POINT.

THE AMPLIFIER N9,N10 WITH HIGH PROPORTIONAL GAIN(ABOUT 100) LIMIT THE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE OUTPUT VOLTAGES OF THE AMPLIFIER N8 AND THUS INPUT OF SIGNAL OF THE EXCITION REGULATOR,DEPENDING UPON SETTING OF POTENTIOMETERS R9 ,R10.

field forcing

Cooling air arrangement

R8
R1=BASE REFERENCE VALUE=0.85

Matching

R2=BAND WIDTH OF SET POINT ADJUSTER

C2 + N7 (-)

R7

SETPOINT GEN VOLTS FROM SET POINT ADJUSTER

R4
+1 N1 R2
+10V

(+) (+)

+ N4

(-)

+ N8
LIM OF POS OUTPUT (INVERTER OPER)

(-)
R9 + +

Gate control set auto +10V

R1

Field suppressio

R5= dynamic prop. gain R6= derivative time constant

R5 C1

N9
LIM OF NEG OUTPUT (RECTIFIER OPER)

100

R10 -10V

K2

GEN VOLTS ACTUAL

R3

+ N2 +
N3

(-) -1 + N6

R6 + N5

100

N10 R11 N12

Field Forcing limitation Field current actual (-)

N11 (+)

LIMITORS/COMPENSATORS INFLUENCE

Limitation set point

Ramp function generator