TEACHING PRONUNCIATION & PROBLEMS WITH PRONUNCIATION

An, EunByeol (Anne) Jang, YeEun (Sylvia)

WHY IS GOOD PRONUNCIATION IMPORTANT?

Good

communication:

* delivery of thoughts clearly/ properly * help distinguishing meaning * It improves understanding

Ex> misunderstanding

ELEMENTS OF PRONUNCIATION

Stress- longer, louder, and higher in pitch

ELEMENTS OF PRONUNCIATION
Rhythm:

-combination of word and sentence stress -patterned beat of stressed, unstressed and pauses.

Adjustment in connected speech(y) glides (w)glides cre(y)ate blue(w)ink say(y)it how(w)is it Black_and gray / McLean_Avenue Short-time / quick-cure Is that your dog? Does your mother know?

<examples>

Intonation:

- Intonation unit boundaries Ex> Do you remember(/) when we used to stay up all night(/) studying for exams? - Prominence (highlight) <new information, emphatic stress, contrastive stress> - Rising-Falling Intonation <question, statement, choice, enthusiasm, sarcasm, sure, unsure>

SPECIFIC PRONUNCIATION FEATURES

1)

Voicing: Voiced sounds will make the throat vibrate.

2)

Aspiration: Aspiration refers to a puff of air when

a sound is produced.
3)

Mouth Position: Draw simple diagrams of tongue and lip positions.

4)

Vowel Length

5) Syllables:

Have students count syllables in a word and hold up the correct number of fingers, or place objects on table to represent each syllable.

6) Specific Sounds

THE FIELD OF MODERN

LANGUAGE TEACHING
Intuitive-imitative

approach

- Depends on learners ability to listen to and imitate the rhythms and sounds of the target language without intervention of any explicit information.
Analytic-linguistic

approach

- Utilizes information and tools like phonetic alphabet, articulatory description, charts of the vocal apparatus, and other aids to supplement listening, imitation and production.

APPROACHES TO TEACHING
PRONUNCIATION
Direct/Natural

Method (late 1800s and

early 1900s) - Lessons are in the target language - Focus on everyday vocabulary - Visual aids: vocabulary - Particular attention: accuracy of pronunciation and grammar - Developed for comprehension and oral expression

The

Reform Movement - Created by Henry Sweet, Wilhelm Vietor, and Paul Passy who formed IPA. - Notion and Practices: 1) The spoken form of a language 2) The findings of phonetics 3) Teachers 4) Learners

Audio-lingualism

- Repetition - Drills Minimal Pair Drill a. Syntagmatic drills (contrast within a sentence) ex. Dont sit in that seat. b. Paradigmatic drills (Contrast across two sentences) ex. Is that a black sheep? Is that a black ship?

The

Silent Way Approach (1970s)

Teachers speaks as little as possible through gestures what students should do. Use tools such as sound-color chart, word charts, and colored chart.

Community

Language Learning Approach (Charles A. Curran1976)

- A key tool of method 1) Students say something in their L1, and the teacher translate it. 2) Students tape teachers translation. 3) The student stop, play the tape back and listen. 4) Write another word in the board, and ask students to use that word to make conversation.

- Tools and Techniques 1) The audiotape recorder 2) The human computer technique - Conclusion 1) Helps keep classroom discourse in English. 2) Helps focus on problems of accuracy and complexity.

3) Learners in general respond well to the procedure.

4) Can consolidate and extend textbook work. (particularly motivating for children)

Communicative

approach (1980s)

Leave students in suspense as to the outcome of a class exercise, which will vary according to their reactions and responses.

Emphasis on communication and meaning rather than accuracy.

Authentic listening and reading texts used

are

Feedback and correction is usually given b y the teacher after tasks have been co mpleted Learners are often more motivated with thi s approach Examples: Interviews, Surveys, Games, Role Play

Comprehensive List: Listen and imitate Phonetic training Minimal pair drills Visual aids Tongue twisters Developmental approximation drills Practice of vowel shifts and stress shifts related by affixation Reading aloud/recitation

1) 2) 3) 4)

5)
6) 7)

8)

PROBLEMS AND DIFFICULTIES

English

pronunciation problems depend on What your first language is Some common problems for all learners of English.

1) 2)

1)Phonetics/the sounds of English - A letter has many different individual unique English pronunciation. - Ex. E has 5 pronunciation Egg, Eyes, Elude, Europe, 2) Stress Ex. Student STUdent

3)Intonation (sentence stress or the music of the language) Ex. Where are you going? Where are you Going? 4) Linking Ex. What do you want? Whaddya want?